文章分析：

1.[教材原文]at that time people would starve if food was difficult to find，especially during the cold winter months。當時很難找到食物

[句型點撥]條件狀語從句為"主語＋be＋adj.＋to do"句式，在這個句式中，主語為不定式的邏輯賓語，不定式常用主動語態(tài)。

[佳句賞析]As far as I'm concerned, this maths problem is very difficult to work out.

就我個人而言，這道數(shù)學題很難算出來。

2．[教材原句]Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm.有些節(jié)日，是為了紀念死者，或者使祖先得到滿足，因為祖先有可能回到世上(給人們)提供幫助，也有可能帶來危害。

[句型點撥]either ...or ...，意為"或者……，或者……；要么……，要么……；不是……就是……"。

[佳句賞析]People can either give them as gifts to friends or hang them in their houses.

人們可以把它們當作禮物送給朋友或者掛在自己家里。

3．[教材原句]On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with"bones"on them.在這個重要的節(jié)日里，人們會吃專制成顱骨形狀的食物，和裝點有"骨頭"的蛋糕。

[句型點撥]句中with的復合賓語結構作cakes的定語。

[佳句賞析]Here many high buildings have appeared with green trees growing quickly.這里高樓林立、綠樹成蔭。

4．[教材原句]The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.(節(jié)日里)整個國度到處都是盛開的櫻花，看上去就像是覆蓋了一層粉紅色的雪。

[句型點撥]句中as though引導表語從句，相當于as if。

[佳句賞析]It seemed as though she had known Millie for years.現(xiàn)在好像她認識米莉已有好多年了似的。

單詞詞組運用

1．Discuss when they take place, what they celebrate and what people do at that time.討論它們(中國節(jié)日)是什么時間舉行，慶祝的是什么事件，人們在那天做什么事。

★take place發(fā)生；舉行

take the place of　　　　 　代替(某人)，接替(某人)的位置

take one's place 就位，就席，就座；替代某人

in place of(＝in one's place) 替代(某人)；代替(某人的)位置

①The wedding will take place in May. 婚禮將于五月舉行。

②There can be no doubt that special classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their (they) place in life sooner. 毫無疑問，特殊的課程能夠幫助天才兒童更早地畢業(yè)，并且能夠更早地步入社會開始自己的生活。

③Robson came on in_place_of Wilkins ten minutes before the end of the game. 比賽結束前十分鐘羅布森上場替代威爾金斯。

[點津]　take place是不及物動詞短語，其后不能接賓語，也不能用于被動語態(tài)。

2．At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. 在那個時代，特別是在寒冷的冬月里，如果難以找到食物，人們就會挨餓。

★starve vi.餓死；挨餓；餓得要死；渴望；極需要 vt.使餓死；使挨餓

(1)starve to death　　餓死

starve to do sth. 渴望做某事

starve for sth. 渴望得到某物

(2)starvation n. 饑餓

①The world sees a large number of children starve to death every day.世界上每天都有許多兒童餓死。

②They are starving to see the footballer.他們急切的想見這位足球明星。

③I am starving for a sight of the sea.我非?？释匆姶蠛?。

【活學活用】

(1)The proud man said he would starve rather than beg for food. 那個驕傲的男人說他寧愿餓死也不愿討飯。

(2)So needless to say, I've been starving for his latest release for quite some time.所以不用多說,我等他這張最新專輯已經(jīng)等了好久了。

(3)If he had had a little food then, he would not __________________________. 如果當時他有一點點食物的話,他就不會餓死了。

(4)語法填空。

①Relief workers say it's worse than ever as disease and__________________________ (starve) combine to kill thousands of people.

②We are starving_____________________the knowledge about this field in order to effectively deal with some projects we will meet.

③Pictures of __________________(starve) children have set many people rushing to donate money.

答案：(3)have starved to death　(4)①starvation?、趂or　③starving

3．Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. 有些節(jié)日，是為了紀念死者，或者使祖先得到滿足，因為祖先有可能回到世上(給人們)提供幫助，也有可能帶來危害。

★并列連詞詞組either...or...，意為"或者……，或者……；要么……，要么……；不是……就是……"，其用法如下：

(1)它可以連接兩個并列成分，如謂語動詞、名詞、代詞、不定式或分詞等。

When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances.那個女孩高興時，不是唱歌就是跳舞。

(2)它連接主語時，謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上要與or后面的主語保持一致，也就是遵循"就近原則"。

Either you or he is (be) going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里，要么他去那里。

[點津]　遵循"就近原則"類似的結構還有：neither ... nor ...; not only ... but also ...; not ... but ...; whether ... or ...等。

4．For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean the graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. (P2)在日本的盂蘭盆節(jié)，人們要掃墓、燒香，以緬懷祖先。

★in memory of紀念；追念

in favour of　　　支持；贊同

in face of 面臨；面對

in honour of 為紀念……；為祝賀……；為了向……表示敬意

in charge of 負責；掌管

in search of 尋找

①A tenfoot wooden sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder.在這座橋邊樹立起了一座10英尺高的木質雕塑來紀念這座橋的建造者。

②I am in favour of Susan's opinion about what the best present is.我贊同蘇珊什么是最好禮物的觀點。

③You should keep calm even in_face_of danger.即使面臨危險，你也應當保持鎮(zhèn)靜。

5．On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with "bones" on them. 在這個重要的節(jié)日里，人們會吃制成顱骨形狀的食物，和裝點有"骨頭"的蛋糕。

★句中with"bones"on them短語作cakes的定語，它是"with＋賓語＋賓語補足語"結構，即with的復合賓語結構。

①With the children at school, we can't take our vacation when we want to.由于孩子們在上學，所以當我們想度假時卻不能去度假。

②With a lot of work to do(do), he wasn't allowed to go out. 因為還有很多工作要做，他沒有被允許外出。

③With prices going (go) up so fast, we can't afford luxuries.由于物價上漲很快，我們買不起奢侈商品。

6．The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. 西方節(jié)日萬圣節(jié)也源自人們古老的信仰，認為亡者的靈魂會返回人間。

★belief n．信任；信心；信仰

have a strong belief in ...　　　絕對信任……

hold the belief that ... 堅信……

in the belief that ... (＝believe that ...) 相信……

①I have a strong belief in his honesty.我對他的誠實絕對信任。

②He came to me ________ the belief that I could help him.他到我這里來，相信我能幫助他。

[點津]　在寫作中，為提高寫作檔次可以嘗試用短語代替單詞。如可用hold the belief that ...代替believe that ...。試比較：

We all believe that those who have a wonderful sense of humor are more popular.＝We all hold the belief that / we all believe that those who have a wonderful sense of humor are more popular.我們都堅信那些幽默感特強的人更受歡迎。

7．It is now a children's festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours' homes to ask for sweets. (P2)如今，(萬圣節(jié)前夕)成了孩子們的節(jié)日，這一天他們可以喬裝打扮，上鄰居家要糖果吃。

★dress up穿上盛裝；打扮；裝飾

dress sb./oneself　　給某人/自己穿衣服

be dressed in ... 穿著……

be well dressed 穿著講究

get dressed 穿好衣服

dress up as ... 裝扮成……

①They dressed up for the occasion.為了參加這個活動，他們都穿上盛裝。

②We are going to dress the baby in new clothes and take her to the park.我們要給小孩子穿上新衣服，帶她到公園去。

③Dressed in_a red coat, she looks more beautiful.穿著紅色的外衣，她看上去更漂亮了。

8．If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. (P2)如果鄰居不給糖果，孩子們就會搗亂。

★play a trick on(＝ play tricks on)搞惡作?。辉p騙；開玩笑

trick sb. out of sth.　　　　騙取某人的某物

trick sb. into doing sth. 欺騙某人做某事

tricky adj. 狡猾的, 詭計多端的;難辦的,難對付的

①It's a tradition to play tricks on people on April 1st.在四月一日，捉弄人是個傳統(tǒng)習俗。

②The cheater tricked the old lady out of her necklace.那個騙子把老婦人的項鏈騙走了。

③She tricked him into giving (give) her the money.她從他那兒騙到了這些錢。

【活學活用】

(1)Don't take it seriously; she just wants to play a trick on you.別太當真,她只是想跟你開個玩笑。

(2)Stephen is going to be pretty upset when he finds out how you tricked him. 當斯蒂芬查明你怎樣欺騙了他,他會非常難過。

(3)He ________revealing the place where he had hidden the money. 他受人哄騙,泄露了他藏錢的地方。

(4)語法填空。

①He tricked her ________marrying him by pretending that he was rich.

②The first of April is commonly known as April Fools' Day, and it is customary on this day to play a trick________a friend.

③It's a very ________(trick) problem, but I think there are a number of things you can do.

④From that day on, I think twice before answering questions like that so as not________ (trick) again

答案：(3)was tricked into　(4)①into?、趏n?、踭ricky ④to be tricked

9．India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's independence from Britain. 在印度，10月2日是紀念莫漢達斯·甘地的全國性節(jié)日，甘地是幫助印度脫離英國而獨立的領袖。

★gain vt.獲得；得到n.增加，好處，利益，利潤

gain sth. from ...　　　　　 從……中獲得某物

gain independence (from ...) (脫離……)獲得獨立

gain strength/weight/power/experience增加力氣/體重/權力/經(jīng)驗

①He tried to gain time by postponing his decision.他想以遲遲不作決定的手段來爭取時間。

②They will gain progress from the training.在那種訓練中，他們會有長進的。

③During the winter holiday, she gained much weight．寒假期間，她體重增了很多。

④No pains, no gains．不勞無獲。

10. Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. 有些人還可能因他們的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品而獲獎，比如最大的西瓜或最好看的公雞。

★award n．獎；獎品vt.授予；獎給；判給

(1)the first award/prize/place　　　　一等獎； 第一名

win/get/receive an award for sth. 因……而獲獎

(2)award sb. sth.＝ award sth. to sb. 為某人頒發(fā)獎品

award sb. (sth.) for sth. 因……獎勵某人

be awarded for… 因……而得獎

①The Oscar Award for the best actress in 2016 went to Brie Lar年奧斯卡最佳女演員獎的得主是布麗·拉爾森。

②Doctor Yuan Longping has received honours and awards_from the government for his contribution to agricultural production. 袁隆平博士因為在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)上作出貢獻而獲得政府給予的榮譽和獎勵。

③They awarded the first prize to John.他們授予約翰一等獎。

④He was awarded the prize for being the fastest runner.他因跑得最快而獲獎。

⑤He was given $800 as a reward for his bravery.

⑥The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015 was awarded to Tu Youyou.

【活學活用】

(1)The Nobel Prize is awarded to those who make great contributions in their own fields every year.諾貝爾獎每年都會頒給那些在他們自己的領域做出重大貢獻的人。

(2)She was awarded a gold medal due to/for her outstanding service to the public.由于她對公眾的杰出服務,她得到了一枚金牌。

(3)________ so many prizes in literature, George felt that his years of efforts were well deserved.(使用分詞) 在文學中獲得了如此多的獎項,喬治認為他多年的努力是值得的。

(4)語法填空。

①He received awards from the government________his contributions to agriculture.

②She spent all her life in helping the poor and ________(award) the Nobel Prize.

③It was a great surprise to read of this film ________(award) the best film prize in this morning's newspaper.

答案：(3)Having been awarded　(4)①for?、趙as awarded ③being awarded

11．China and Japan have midautumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes.中國和日本都有中秋節(jié)，這天人們會賞月，在中國人們還品嘗月餅。

★admire vt.贊美；欽佩；羨慕

(1)admire sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事羨慕某人

(2)admiration n. 欽佩；贊美；羨慕

(3)admiring adj. 贊賞的；羨慕的

admirable adj. 令人欽佩的；值得贊美的

①My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.同桌非常羨慕我流利的英語，我經(jīng)常被他的贊美所鼓舞。

②We admire the old scientist for his great contributions to the country.我們欽佩這位老科學家對國家做出的巨大貢獻。

③We all read her novels with admiration (admire)．我們都滿懷欽佩之情地拜讀她的作品。

④She was used to receiving admiring (admire) glances from others.她習慣了別人投來贊賞的目光。

【活學活用】

(1)We all admired him for the way he saved the children from the fire.我們稱贊他從火中救出孩子們的行為。

(2)The works of Dickens are admired in China as well as in the rest of the world.像在世界上其他地方一樣,狄更斯的作品在中國也受到贊賞。

(3)Deeply moved by her performance, the whole audience gasped________. 被她的演出深深感動,全場觀眾贊嘆不已。

(4)語法填空。

①She speaks English so well that her friends are filled with ________(admire).

②We admire the old scientist ________his great contribution to the country.

③We walked round the house, ________(admire)the furniture and decorations.

答案：(3)with admiration　(4)①admiration ②for?、踑dmiring

12．The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. 最富有生氣而又最重要的節(jié)日，就是告別冬天、迎來春天的日子。

★look forward to期望；期待；盼望

①Thanks for your kind consideration and I look forward to receiving your earliest reply. 謝謝您的關心，盼望早日收到您的回復。

匹配"look forward (to)"的用法

A．"期待；盼望"，其后接動名詞作賓語。

B．"向前看"，其后所接動詞不定式表目的。

C．"期待；盼望"， 所在句子為定語從句，其后常常使用謂語動詞。

②He looked forward to see who was making a loud noise in the crowd.__B__

③The day that he had looked forward to came at la

④We looked forward to hearing from you.__A__

13．The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.(P2)(節(jié)日里)整個國度到處都是盛開的櫻花，看上去就像是覆蓋了一層粉紅色的雪。

★句中as though引導的從句是表語從句，相當于as if。

①It seemed as though/if they were very tired. 看上去他們像是很累的樣子。

(1)as though/as if還可以引導方式狀語從句。

②She is looking at me as_though/if she knew me. 她看著我好像她認識我似的。

(2)as though/if引導的從句可用虛擬語氣表示不真實或不大可能發(fā)生的事情。

③She loves the boy as if she were (be) his mother. 她愛這個男孩，好像她是他的母親一樣。

④The girl listened as if she had_turned (turn) into a stone.那個女孩傾聽著，好像已經(jīng)變成了石頭似的。

14．People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. 人們喜歡聚在一起吃、喝、玩耍。

★have fun with玩得開心

have fun　　玩得高興，過得快活

What fun! 多么有趣！

It's fun to do sth. 做某事很有趣

①Christmas is a time to have fun with other family members.圣誕節(jié)是和其他的家人玩得開心的時間。

②You're sure to have_fun at the party tonight.今晚的宴會你必定會玩得開心。

③It's fun to_swim (swim) in the pool with families or friends in summer.夏天和家人或朋友在游泳池里游泳很有趣。

[點津]　fun是不可數(shù)名詞，其前一般不加冠詞。

課文原句分析

1．[教材原句]It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave — he wiped the tables, then sat down and turned on the TV — just what Li Fang needed! 很明顯，咖啡館的經(jīng)理在等李方離開——他擦好桌子，然后坐下來，打開電視機。這正合李方的意！

[句型點撥]It is/was obvious that ..."很明顯……"，it為形式主語。

[佳句賞析]很明顯，如果沒有全社會的幫助就不會有今天的新學校。

It is obvious that, without the help of the whole society, there would be no new school today.

2．[教材原句]While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.她在人間遇見了牛郎，兩人相愛了。

[句型點撥]while意為"當……的時候"，在句中引導時間狀語從句。

[佳句賞析]當他在大學學習時，見到了這位歌手并與之成為了好朋友。

While he was studying in the university, he met with the singer and they became good friends.

3．[教材原句]Finding that Zhinü was heartbroken, her grandmother finally decided to let the couple cross the Milky Way to meet once a year.看到織女傷心欲絕，王母娘娘最后決定讓這對夫妻每年跨過銀河相會一次。

[句型點撥]現(xiàn)在分詞短語在句中作狀語。

單詞詞組運用：

1. permission n．許可；允許

(1)with/without (one's) permission 允許/未經(jīng)允許

ask for (one's) permission 請求(某人的)許可

(2)permit vt. 允許；許可；準許

permit sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事

permit doing sth. 允許做某事

①With the teacher's permission, the student took a day off.經(jīng)老師允許，這位學生休假一天。

②You aren't allowed to take a book out of the library without permission.未經(jīng)允許，你不能把一本書帶出圖書館。

③Her parents didn't permit her to_go (go) to the concert by herself.她父母不允許她自己去聽音樂會。

2．But she didn't turn up. 但是她沒有出現(xiàn)。

★turn up出現(xiàn)；到場；被找到；開大(音量)；向上翻

寫出下列句中turn up的含義

①If you invite people to a party at 7 o'clock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany.出現(xiàn)

②I can't hear the music. Please turn up the radio.開大(音量)

③I'm sure your pen will turn up one of these days.被找到

④He turned up his coat collar against the chill wind.向上翻

turn down 關?。徽{低；拒絕

turn away 拒絕支持；把……打發(fā)走

turn out 生產(chǎn)；制造；結果是；趕走

turn to 求助于

turn on 打開

turn over 翻轉

turn off 關閉

turn in 上交；呈遞

turn up 出現(xiàn)；到場；調高

⑤Some all-A students in school have turned out not to be as successful in society as they were expected.學校的一些優(yōu)秀學生踏入社會后不像人們預料的那么成功。

⑥—You look upset. What's the matter?

—I had my proposal turned down again.

——你看上去很傷心，怎么了？

——我的建議被再次拒絕了。

3．She said she would be there at seven o'clock, and he thought she would keep her word.(P7)她說她會在7點到達，他認為她會守信用的。

★keep one's word守信用；履行諾言

break one's word　　失信；食言；失約

eat one's words 承認說錯話；收回前言

have a word with 和……說句話

have words with 和……爭論

in a word 總之

in other words 換句話說

word came that ... 消息傳來……

①It is a great advantage to me that I always keep my word.我一直守信這一點對我十分有利。

②He is such a man that he can't keep his word; in other words, he always breaks his word, because of which his friends often have words with him.他是這樣的一個人，總是不能遵守諾言。換句話說，他總是食言，由于這個原因，他的朋友們經(jīng)常和他爭論。

③Word_came_that a typhoon had hit several cities along the coast.傳來了臺風襲擊了沿海的幾個城市的消息。

[點津]　(1)word當"諾言"講時，僅用單數(shù)，常與所有格連用。

(2)word當"話語"講時，是可數(shù)名詞，有單復數(shù)的變化形式。

(3)word當"消息"講時是不可數(shù)名詞。

4．Well, he was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize. 他不想屏息等她來道歉。

★hold one's breath屏息；屏氣

take a deep breath＝breathe deeply 深呼吸

lose one's breath 喘不過氣來

out of breath 上氣不接下氣，喘不過氣來

①We held our breath in excitement.我們激動地屏息凝神。

②To make the movement easier I tried to take_a deep breath of fresh air.為了移動起來更容易，我努力呼吸新鮮空氣。

③Tired and out_of_breath,_we reached the top of the mountain.我們到達了山頂，累得喘不過氣來。

★apologize vi.道歉；辯白

(1)apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉

apologize to sb. that ... 向某人道歉……

(2)apology n. 道歉

make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉

accept/refuse one's apology 接受/拒絕某人的道歉

owe sb. an apology 應向某人道歉

④Victor apologized to me for his not being able to inform me of the change in the plan.維克多因為沒有通知我計劃有變而向我道歉。

⑤He made an apology to her for not replying to her letter in time.他因沒有及時給她回信而向她道歉。

⑥Please accept our apology (apologize) for the inconvenience this matter has given you.對此事給您帶來的不便，請接受我們的歉意。

5．It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave ...(P7)很明顯，咖啡館的經(jīng)理在等李方離開……

★It is/was obvious that ...意為"很明顯/顯然……"。it在句中作形式主語，真正的主語是that引導的從句。

①It is obvious that a good learning habit can help us a lot.很明顯一個好的學習習慣能給我們很多幫助。

[點津]　obviously作評注性狀語，在功能上相當于句型"It was/is obvious that ..."。

②iPad對我們的學習有幫助是顯而易見的，尤其是對我們的英語聽力。

→It is obvious that iPad is of great help to our study, especially to our English listening.

→Obviously, iPad is of great help to our study, especially to our English listening.

6．While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.她在人間遇到了牛郎，兩人相愛了。

★While she was on earth為時間狀語從句，while在此句中意為："當……時候"。

①While the old man was reading, he fell asleep.老人在讀書時，睡著了。

②Men tends to be violent while women acts in the opposite way.然而

③While I was working for a wedding, a pearl necklace Mum had left me disappeared.當……時

④She worked in a bank for a while before studying law. 一會兒

⑤While travel can broaden your mind, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it. 雖然

7．As Li Fang set off for home, he thought，"I guess Hu Jin doesn't love me ..."(P7)李方動身往家走，心里想："我猜胡瑾是不愛我了……"。

★set off出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸；引起

寫出下列句中set off的含義

①He reminded me that it was time we should set off for the railway station.出發(fā)

②The slightest spark can set off the explosives stored here.使……爆炸

③If uncontrolled, the shortage would set off a new rise in meat prices.引起

set off for　　動身去(某地)

set about 著手/開始做……(后接名詞、動名詞)

set out 出發(fā)；開始做……(后接動詞不定式)

set down 放下；記下

set up 建立；樹立；搭起

set aside 放在一邊；留出；不理會

④Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they set off on their life journey.依照慣例，為激勵自己，大學畢業(yè)生會在開始他們的人生旅程之前舉行一場畢業(yè)典禮。

⑤He set out to_paint (paint) the whole house but finished only the front.

＝He set about painting (paint) the whole house but finished only the front.

他著手粉刷整間房子，但僅僅完成了前面。

⑥I wonder if the school could place more dustbins and set up special rules against such behaviour.我想知道學校是否能夠放置更多的垃圾箱并制定特殊規(guī)則來制止這種行為。

8．I don't want them to remind me of her. (P7)我不想因它們想起她來。

★remind vt.提醒；使想起

remind sb. of sth./sb.　　　 　提醒某人某事/想起某人

remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事

remind (sb.) that/how/what ... 提醒(某人)……

①I agree with Susan, whose article reminds me of my best gift, a pen, given by my father, who was a worker. 我贊同蘇珊的觀點，她的文章使我想起當工人的父親給我的一份最好的禮物——一支鋼筆。

②Reminded not to_drive (drive) after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.盡管被提醒不要酒后開車，一些司機仍然心存僥幸，這十分危險。

③Passengers are_reminded (remind) that no smoking is allowed on this train.旅客們請注意，本次列車禁止吸煙。

[聯(lián)想]　根據(jù)提示，補全下面"v.＋sb.＋of sth."短語。

①cure sth.　 　治好某人的病

②accuse sth. 指控某人某事

③cheat sth. 騙取某人某物

④inform sth. 通知某人某事

⑤convince sth. 使某人相信某事

⑥r(nóng)ob sth. 搶劫某人某物

9．She would never forgive him. 她永遠不會原諒他了。

★forgive(forgave，forgiven)vt.原諒；饒恕

forgive sb.　　　　　　　　原諒某人

forgive one's doing sth. 原諒某人做了某事

forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原諒某人(做了)某事

①All I ask is that you forgive me and keep my secret.我只請求你原諒我，并替我保守秘密。

②Forgive me for interrupting, but I really don't agree with that.請原諒我打岔，不過我確實不同意那一點。

[佳句賞析]看到我爸爸開車離開，媽媽和我揮手向他道別。

Seeing my father's driving away, my mother and I waved our hands and said goodbye to him.

Ⅲ.佳句再現(xiàn)

1.主動表被動結構:be+adj.+to do

At that time people would starve if food was________________________________________(難以找到), especially during the cold winter months.

2.“with+賓語+介詞短語”結構

On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes____________________(上面有“骨頭”).

3.固定搭配:either…or… 或者……或者……

Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return _____________________(或提供幫助或帶來危害).

4.固定句型:It is obvious that…顯然……

_____________________(顯然)the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave…

5. “hear/watch, see, find, catch…+賓語+賓補”結構

As he sadly passed the tea shop on the corner on his way home,he _____________________(聽見一個聲音在叫他).

答案：1.difficult to find　2.with “bones” on them 3.either to help or to do harm 　4.It was obvious that

5. heard a voice calling him

句型：

●1 It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave…很明顯,咖啡館的經(jīng)理在等李方離開……

句型公式　

It is/was obvious that…顯而易見……,顯然……

【句式點撥】

It is/was obvious that…意為“顯然……;顯而易見……”,it是形式主語,真正的主語是后面that引導的主語從句。常見的用形式主語的句型有:

(1)It is/was+形容詞+that+從句. 如:

It's natural/likely/strange that…顯然/很可能/奇怪的是……

(2)It is/was+名詞+that+從句. 如:

It's a pity/shame/an honour that…遺憾的是/可恥的是/榮幸的是……

(3)It+不及物動詞+that+從句. 如:

It seems/happens/turns out that…似乎/碰巧/結果……

(4)It is/was+過去分詞+that+從句. 如:

It's said/well-known/reported that…據(jù)說/眾所周知/據(jù)報道……

[溫馨提示] it作形式主語引導主語從句時容易和what引導的主語從句、which引導的定語從句混淆,使用時要細心體會三種句式的差別。

【活學活用】

(1)It is obvious that people should have adequate rest in order to work hard. 很顯然,人們應該有充足的休息以便于努力工作。

(2)It's a shame ___________________we failed to fulfil the task ahead of time. 我們沒能提前完成任務,真是慚愧。

(3)___________________ is believed that it is the earliest and largest ancient papermaking workshop site ever found. 人們認為這是至今所發(fā)現(xiàn)的最早也是最大的古代造紙作坊遺址。

(4)一句多譯。

①___________________to everyone that the child had been badly treated.(主語從句)

②The child had been badly treated, ___________________to everyone.(定語從句)

③___________________was that the child had been badly treated.(主語從句)

人們一看便知,那個孩子受過虐待。

●2 As he sadly passed the tea shop on the corner on his way home,he heard a voice calling him.回家途中,心情失落的他在經(jīng)過拐角處的茶館時,突然聽見有人在叫他。

句型公式 hear+賓語+doing/done/do

【句式點撥】本句包含as引導的時間狀語從句,主句中calling him 是現(xiàn)在分詞短語用作a voice 的補足語,形成“hear+賓語+doing/done/do”結構。能用于該結構的動詞還有watch, see, find, catch, observe等。

[溫馨提示] 在“hear+賓語+doing/done/do”結構中,doing強調動作正在進行;do表示動作的全過程;done表示已經(jīng)完成的或者是被動的動作。在被動語態(tài)中,do要改為to do形式。

【活學活用】

(1)Hardly had she sat down when she heard someone knocking at the door. 她還沒來得及坐下來,就聽見有人敲門。

(2)As he was pushing his bicycle across the track, he was surprised to ___________________

當他正推著他的自行車跨過這條小道時,他吃驚地聽到有人叫他的名字。

(3)語法填空。

①I heard her ___________________(shout) from the bathroom and went to see what was the matte②We stood there,watching the train ___________________(leave) until it disappeared out of our sight.

③When the police came, they found the window of the house ___________________(break) into.

答案：●1 (2)that　(3)It　(4)①It was obvious　②which was obvious?、踂hat was obvious to everyone

●2 (2)hear his name (being)called　(3)①shouting?、趌eave ③broken