Ames harden is still getting to the line，but the rule named after the rockets star has been a night mare for refs to enforce。

為了組織他制定了這個法則，詹姆斯哈登仍然登上罰球線，新的哈登法則反而讓裁判絕望了。

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Every once in a while, a player is so dominant at a certain aspect of basketball that the league has to change the rules. Wilt Chamberlain had the NBA changing rules all the time—most notably, they introduced goaltending and interference calls to dampen his dominance around the rim.

有時就會有那么一個球員在籃球的某一方面表現(xiàn)卓越超群，以致于聯(lián)盟不得不修改規(guī)則。威爾特-張伯倫是歷史上推動了最多規(guī)則修改的球員，最著名的就是聯(lián)盟設立了干擾投籃得分和進攻方干擾投籃來限制他在籃圈附近的強大統(tǒng)治力。

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Kareem Abdul-Jabbar was so good the NCAA actually outlawed dunking for a few years. Reggie Miller was so adept at drawing fouls on three-point attempts by kicking his feet out while shooting that the NBA decided to outlaw the move. Mark Jackson so often posted up defenders for increasingly boring periods of time that the league said anything longer than five seconds would result in a turnover.

卡里姆-阿卜杜爾-賈巴爾因其個人能力的突出導致NCAA在那些年禁止扣籃。雷吉-米勒非常善于在投籃時故意伸腿從而制造3分犯規(guī)，因此NBA禁止了這種做法。馬克-杰克遜因頻繁背身單打對方后衛(wèi)導致比賽場面十分枯燥，于是聯(lián)盟下令超過5秒則判進攻方的失誤。

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These rule changes are like badges of excellence for those who inspired them. Which leads us to James Harden, and the rule change the NBA made this summer to prevent him from executing one of his signature offensive moves. “The Harden Rule” states that an offensive player can no longer draw a foul by initiating contact, and that a player must be in the act of shooting to be attributed a shooting foul. Essentially, continuation is no longer guaranteed. If a player gets fouled but they are not clearly in the shooting motion, it will no longer be called as a shooting foul.

這些規(guī)則的變動同時也是這些球員超凡表現(xiàn)的證明。話題再回到詹姆斯-哈登，NBA今夏修改了規(guī)則來限制他的一個代表性進攻動作?！肮欠▌t”是指一個進攻球員不再能通過投籃動作前的身體接觸而制造投籃犯規(guī)，他必須做出投籃動作才被判罰為投籃犯規(guī)。實質上就是連貫動作不再受到保護。如果一個球員在還沒有完全擺出投籃動作時被犯規(guī)，那么這個犯規(guī)不再判罰為投籃犯規(guī)。

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What’s fascinating, however, is that this purposeful rule change hasn’t stopped Harden from continuing to utilize the rulebook in a favorable way. Despite his free-throw ratecurrently the lowest it’s been since his second year in the league, Harden—currently out with a hamstring injury—is still attempting 14.0 free throws per 100 possessions, the second most of his career. Most of his tactics continue to work, and all he’s had to do is simply speed up how fast he shoots the ball after drawing contact.

然而，神奇的是，這項針對性的規(guī)則改動并沒有阻止哈登繼續(xù)用他熟悉的方式制造犯規(guī)。盡管他最近的罰籃命中率是自他二年級后的新低，但最近左腿筋受傷的哈登仍然在每百回合中有14次罰籃，生涯第二高。他的造犯規(guī)打法大部分仍然奏效，接下來他所需要做的很簡單，就是在身體接觸后更快完成投籃動作。

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The only effect the rule change has had on Harden is pissing him off on the occasions that it is not officiated consistently. Sometimes, as we see below, players are awarded shots after they’re hacked on the gather.

“哈登法則”的對哈登唯一影響就是某些進攻不再一如既往地獲得投籃犯規(guī)會讓他失望。如下所示，球員有時在收球后被打手犯規(guī)其實應當判為投籃犯規(guī)。

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DeMar DeRozan gathers the ball, gets hit on his first step, takes one more step, shoots, and is attributed the shooting foul. In the same game Pascal Siakam is “hit” following the first step after his gather. He takes one more step following the alleged foul and then shoots the ball. He does not get the shooting foul, however, and it is just called a common foul.

德馬爾-德羅贊收球在手上籃邁出第一步，接著再突一步，出手，然后造了一個投籃犯規(guī)。在同一場比賽中，帕斯卡爾-西亞卡姆在收球邁出一步后才算“進攻”。他在被犯規(guī)后再邁一步，隨后球再出手，卻沒有獲得投籃犯規(guī)的判罰，只是被判罰為普通犯規(guī)。

The difference between these two plays is so minute that attempting to rationalize the referee’s decision would almost certainly be headache inducing. It’s not an isolated occurrence, either.

這兩位球員的動作差別其實很小，令人頭疼地是，你很難合理解釋裁判的判罰。當然，以上并不是個例。

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The rule is now so convoluted that refs have to not only quickly decipher whether a foul was committed, but exactly at what moment contact occurred. They then have to figure out whether or not the gather was in the shooting motion or before the shooting motion, all within one second. Sometimes it’s not their fault. For example, this three-point attempt was not called a shooting foul:

修改后的規(guī)則很讓人費解，現(xiàn)在裁判不僅要迅速判斷是否發(fā)生犯規(guī)，還要準確判斷出什么時候發(fā)生了身體接觸。于是他們需要判定犯規(guī)是否發(fā)生在收球做出投籃動作時又或是在投籃動作之前，這一連串動作的發(fā)生不超過一秒。有時，有爭議的判罰并不能怪裁判。比如這球三分出手并不算一個投籃犯規(guī)：

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It’s as clear and obvious as a shooting foul can possibly be, and yet the referees missed it because they are being forced to evaluate so many different elements at once.

這球以前明顯應該算作一個投籃犯規(guī)，但裁判沒有那樣判罰，是因為他們必須在一瞬間對多種因素做出界定。

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What happens when rules get too complicated? Look at the NFL, where the debate over the catch rule continues to dominate the league, and where referees continued to be confounded by its complexities. Something easily regulated by children on grassy fields has become impossible to decipher at the professional level.

當規(guī)則變得過于復雜會如何呢？我們來看美式橄欖球NFL的規(guī)則。NFL聯(lián)盟中對接球規(guī)則的爭議不絕于耳，裁判也一直因其晦澀難懂而犯懵。一些兒童在草地上的簡單游戲規(guī)則怎么會演變成一個專業(yè)破譯工作？

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Leagues that do this to themselves not only lose control of the conversation, much of which shifts to the rules of the game rather than the games themselves, but wind up seeing games decided by rules that nobody understands. The NBA has not had this moment yet—but it’s a real possibility.

NFL的做法不但失去了對輿論的控制使得大量討論比賽判罰的言論甚囂塵上掩蓋了比賽本身，而且令人無法理解地使比賽走向被這些判罰左右。NBA還沒變成那樣，但不是沒有那個可能。

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Imagine Harden’s Rockets are down two in the final seconds of a close playoff game. Harden gets fouled after gathering and goes on to hit his shot. But the ref decides not to call the continuation. No and-one. The Rockets lose. The media doesn’t let go for days.

設想一下，在一場膠著的季后賽的最后時刻，火箭隊還落后2分。哈登出手，哨響，接著命中！但裁判認為那不是連貫動作，沒有加罰，最終火箭落敗。媒體一定不會錯過，于是大書特書好幾天。

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Many NBA rules get called unevenly. Human error is built into the game and has decided games since it was invented. But there’s no reason to exacerbate things with frustrating rules. The league has never been good at stopping stars from taking advantage of facets of the game that other players simply can not.

許多NBA規(guī)則并不完善。人之過在于創(chuàng)立這個游戲伊始，就干擾了游戲發(fā)展。但也沒有理由讓那些不合理的規(guī)則進一步干擾比賽進程。球星區(qū)別于普通球員就是他們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)和利用比賽中各種有利的條件，聯(lián)盟也一直沒有找到改善這種不平衡的完美解決辦法。

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Some of these rules have obviously been a net positive—we’d hate to watch a version of the NBA without goaltending. However, in Year 71, the rules are beginning to get stacked on top of one another. Impulsive rule making has historically always been a mistake. This particular rule has made shooting fouls impossible to predict. Hopefully, it won’t one day decide the outcome of a pivotal game.

這些規(guī)則改動中有一部分顯而易見地推動了聯(lián)盟積極發(fā)展——我們一定不會喜歡沒有干擾球的NBA比賽?？墒?，聯(lián)盟發(fā)展至今71年，這些規(guī)則改動開始走向了另一個方向。沖動地修改規(guī)則往往會犯歷史性的錯誤。尤其是此次規(guī)則的改動對于投籃犯規(guī)的影響很難說清。但愿，“哈登法則”不會有決定關鍵比賽賽果的一天。

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原文標題: The 'Harden Rule' Is The NBA Version of the NFL's Catch Rule Disaster?
原文作者: Justin Jett?
發(fā)表時間: 2018.01.04?
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譯者: @MisTvic?（感謝虎撲大大）