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FCI-國(guó)際純種狗標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第172號(hào)

Poodle(緩存)

貴賓犬

例圖不一定表示這種狗的理想類型

ORIGIN: France

原產(chǎn)地：法國(guó)

UTILIZATION: Companion dog

用途：伴侶犬

FCI-CLASSIFICATION:

Group 9 Companion and Toy dogs。

第2節(jié)poodle。

Without working trial。

FCI分組：

第9組同伴狗和玩具狗組

第2類貴賓犬

不需要業(yè)務(wù)測(cè)試。

BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY:

Etymologically, the French word “caniche” (Poodle) comes from “cane”, the French word for a female duck. In other countries, the name of the breed is associated with splashing around in water. Originally, this dog was used for wildfowling. It descends from the Barbet of which it has conserved many characteristics. In 1743, it was called the “caniche”: the female of the barbet in French. Thereafter the Barbet and the Caniche (Poodle) were gradually separated. Breeders worked hard to obtain original subjects of uniform colour. The Poodle became very popular as a companion dog because of its friendly, joyful and loyal character and also because of its four sizes and different colours

which everyone can choose according to preference.

歷史梗概：

根據(jù)詞源， 法語(yǔ)單詞“caniche”（poodle）來自于“cane”, 這個(gè)法語(yǔ)單詞意思為母鴨。 在其他國(guó)家， 這一犬種與在水中嬉戲有關(guān)。 起初， 這種犬是用來獵禽的。它起源于巴貝犬， 貴賓犬保留了它的很多特征。 在1743年， 它被稱“caniche”：法語(yǔ)的母巴貝犬。 此后巴貝犬與Caniche（貴賓犬）漸漸地被分開了。 繁殖人致力于獲得原有犬只的統(tǒng)一顏色的巴貝犬。 貴賓犬成為了非常受歡迎的伴侶犬。因?yàn)檫@種犬的友好的，使人感到喜悅的以及忠誠(chéng)的性格也因?yàn)樗乃姆N尺寸和不同的顏色，使每個(gè)人都能根據(jù)偏好來進(jìn)行選擇。

GENERAL APPEARANCE:

Dog of medium proportions, with a characteristic frizzy coat which is either curly or corded. The appearance is that of an intelligent dog, constantly alert and active, harmoniously built, giving an impression of elegance and pride.

整體外貌：

中等比例的犬只， 典型的卷曲的被毛，或是長(zhǎng)卷毛的或是絨狀的。外表聰明的犬只， 保持警惕并且活潑， 身體比例勻稱， 給人以優(yōu)雅驕傲的印象。

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS:

The length of the muzzle is approximately 9/10 of that of the skull.

The length of the body (scapulo-ischial) is slightly more than the height at the withers.

The height at the withers is practically equal to the height at the croup.

The height at the elbow is 5/9 of the height at the withers.

重要比例：

口吻的長(zhǎng)度大約為頭蓋骨的9/10.

身體的長(zhǎng)度（肩到坐骨）比肩高略長(zhǎng)。

肩高實(shí)際等于臀部的高度。

肘部的高度是肩高的5/9。

BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT:

A dog renowned for its loyalty, capable of learning and being trained thus making it a particularly pleasant companion dog.

行為/秉性：

以忠誠(chéng)著稱，樂于學(xué)習(xí)和接受訓(xùn)練，是一種特別討人喜歡的伴侶犬。

HEAD: Distinguished, rectilinear and in proportion to the body. The head must be well chiselled and neither heavy nor excessively fine.

頭部：

高貴的， 直線的并與身體成比例。 頭部必須輪廓清楚既不厚重亦不過度精致。

CRANIAL REGION

顱部區(qū)域

Skull: Its width is less than half the length of the head. The entire skull, seen from above, appears oval and seen from the side, slightly convex. The axes of the skull and muzzle are slightly divergent. The superciliary arches are moderately pronounced and covered with

long hair. The frontal furrow is wide between the eyes, narrowing towards the occiput, which is very pronounced. (In Miniatures it can be slightly less pronounced).

頭骨：中等大小，與身體成協(xié)調(diào)比例；頭頂部略圓，自最寬處向眼部漸細(xì)。

Stop: Only slightly pronounced, but can never be absent.

額段：只是輕微突出， 但是不可以沒有。

FACIAL REGION

面部區(qū)域

Nose: Developed, vertical profile; open nostrils. Black nose in black, white and grey subjects; brown nose in brown subjects. In fawn (apricot/red) subjects, the nose should be black or brown according to the intensity of the fawn colour. In light fawn subjects the nose should be as dark as possible.

鼻：發(fā)達(dá)，垂直剖面；鼻孔張開。 黑色， 白色和灰色犬只鼻子為黑色； 棕色犬只鼻子為棕色。 對(duì)于褐色（杏色/紅色）犬只，鼻子應(yīng)為黑色或棕色依據(jù)褐色的程度。 對(duì)于淺褐色犬只， 鼻子應(yīng)當(dāng)盡可能為深色。

Muzzle: Upper profile is perfectly straight; its length is approximately 9/10 of that of the skull. The branches of the lower jaw are almost parallel. The muzzle is strong. The lower profile of the muzzle is determined by the lower jaw and not by the edge of the upper lip.

口吻：上部輪廓成完美直線型；口吻的長(zhǎng)度大約是頭蓋骨長(zhǎng)度的9/10。下頜的兩側(cè)幾乎平行?？谖菑?qiáng)壯。下頜而非上唇的邊緣勾勒出口吻的下部輪廓。

Lips: Moderately developed, rather tight, of medium thickness with the upper lip resting on the lower lip without hanging over it. Black in black, white and grey subjects; brown in brown subjects. In orange fawn [apricot] and in red fawn subjects, the lips are more or less dark brown or black. The corner of the lips must not be pronounced.

嘴唇：適度發(fā)育，緊致，中等厚度，上唇完全位于下唇上，不蓋住下唇。黑色、白色和灰色貴賓犬的唇為黑色；棕色犬只的唇為棕色。橙褐色（杏色）犬只和紅褐色犬只的唇可為或多或少的深棕色或黑色。嘴角不明顯。

Jaws/Teeth: Complete scissor bite. Strong teeth.

頜/牙齒：完整的剪狀咬合。牙齒堅(jiān)固。

Cheeks:Not prominent, shaped on the bones. The sub-orbital regions are chiseled and very slightly filled. Zygomatic arches very slightly pronounced.

頰：不顯著。由臉頰骨勾勒出形狀。下眼眶輪廓分明，很輕微地內(nèi)陷。顴骨略微拱起。

Eyes: Keen expression, placed at the level of the stop and slightly oblique. Almond shaped. Black or dark brown color. In brown subjects, the color may be dark amber. The eye rims are black in black, white and grey subjects. Brown in brown subjects. In light fawn subjects the eye rims should be as dark as possible.

眼睛：目光敏銳，與額段在同一水平線上，稍稍傾斜。眼睛杏仁型。黑色或深棕色。棕色貴賓犬的眼睛也可為深琥珀色。黑色，白色以及灰色的犬只眼眶為黑色。 棕色犬只眼睛為棕色。 淺褐色犬只眼眶應(yīng)盡可能為深色。

Ears: Rather long, falling along the cheeks, set on in the prolongation of a line going from the top of the nose and passing under the outer corner of the eye; flat, widening after the attachment and rounded at the tip, they are covered with very long, wavy hair. The leather should reach – or ideally pass – the corner of the lips when pulled forward.

耳朵：很長(zhǎng)，沿臉頰兩邊下垂，位于從鼻子上端開始經(jīng)過外眼角下方的直線的延長(zhǎng)線上。耳朵扁平，從根部處逐漸變寬，耳尖圓，覆有很長(zhǎng)的卷毛。耳朵的皮膚在向前拉伸時(shí)應(yīng)達(dá)到-或理想情況是經(jīng)過-嘴角。

NECK: Strong, slightly arched after the nape, of medium length and well proportioned. The head is carried high and proudly. The neck, without dewlap, is of oval cross section. Its length is slightly less than that of the head.

頸部：結(jié)實(shí)，頸背之后略微拱起，中等長(zhǎng)度，比例協(xié)調(diào)。驕傲地昂著的頭部。頸部無垂肉，頸部相交處橢圓；頸部長(zhǎng)度小于頭部的長(zhǎng)度。

BODY:

軀干：

Well proportioned. It is slightly longer than the height at the withers.

比例良好。身長(zhǎng)通常長(zhǎng)于肩高。

Topline: harmonious and taut.

背線：協(xié)調(diào)緊實(shí)。

Withers: Moderately developed. The height at the withers is practically equal to the height from the top of the croup to the ground.

肩：發(fā)育適當(dāng)。肩高實(shí)際等于從臀部頂?shù)降孛娴拈L(zhǎng)度。

Back: Short.

背：短。

Loin: Firm and muscled.

腰: 結(jié)實(shí)并肌肉發(fā)達(dá)。

Croup: Rounded but not falling away.

臀：圓潤(rùn)但是不傾斜。

Chest: Reaching the elbow; its width is equal to 2/3 of its depth. Forechest, the point of the sternum should be slightly prominent and set rather high. In Standard Poodles, the perimeter of the thorax, measured behind the shoulders, should measure 10 cm more than the height at the withers. Oval cross section, broad at the dorsal part.

胸：到達(dá)肘部，寬度等于胸深的2/3。前胸， 胸骨的點(diǎn)應(yīng)當(dāng)略突起并且位置很高。對(duì)于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)貴賓犬，胸部的參數(shù)從肩部后面測(cè)量， 應(yīng)當(dāng)比肩高長(zhǎng)10厘米。 橢圓形交叉的部分， 背部寬闊。

Underline and belly: Tucked up but not excessively so.

下腹：上收但不過度。

TAIL: Set on quite high at the level of the loin (ideally carried at a “ten past nine” compared to the topline).

尾：位于腰部水平位置相當(dāng)?shù)母咛帲ɡ硐肭闆r是與頂線相比位于“十分之九”）。

LIMBS

FOREQUARTERS

四肢

前軀

FOREQUARTERS : Perfectly upright and parallel, well muscled with good bone. The height from the elbow to the ground is slightly more than half the height at the withers.

前軀：前腿非常直，相互平行，肌肉發(fā)達(dá)，骨骼良好。肘到地面的高度是肩高的一半稍多。

Shoulder : Oblique, muscular. The shoulder blade forms an angle of approximately 110° to the humerus.

肩：傾斜，肌肉發(fā)達(dá)。兩肩胛骨與肱骨分別形成大約110度的角度。

Upper arm: The length of the humerus corresponds to that of the shoulder blade.

上臂：肱骨的長(zhǎng)度與肩胛相契合。

Carpus (Wrist): In continuous line with front of the forearm.

腕骨（腕關(guān)節(jié)）：與前臂前端一致。

Metacarpus (Pastern): Strong and almost upright seen in profile.

掌骨（骹骨）：強(qiáng)壯并且從側(cè)面看幾乎是垂直的。

Forefeet: Rather small, firm, of short oval shape. Toes are well arched and tight fitting. The pads are hard and thick. The nails are black in black and grey subjects. They are brown in brown subjects. In whites the nails may be any colour in the range from horn colour to black. In the fawns they are brown or black; according to coat colour, as dark as possible.

前足：很小，結(jié)實(shí)，短橢圓形。 腳趾拱形并緊湊。腳墊堅(jiān)硬并且厚實(shí)。 黑色犬和灰色犬只腳趾甲為黑色。 棕色犬只趾甲為棕色。 白色犬只的趾甲可以為角質(zhì)的顏色到黑色。在褐色犬只中趾甲為棕色或黑色；根據(jù)被毛顏色，越深越好。

LIMBS

HINDQUARTERS

四肢

后軀

HINDQUARTERS ：Hind legs parallel seen from behind; muscles developed and very apparent.

后軀：從后側(cè)看后肢是平行的； 肌肉發(fā)達(dá)并且明顯。

Thigh: Well muscled and strong. Coxo-femoral angle should be pronounced.

大腿：肌肉發(fā)達(dá)強(qiáng)壯。髖股的角度應(yīng)當(dāng)是明顯的。

Stifle (Knee): Femoro-tibial angles should be pronounced.

后膝關(guān)節(jié)：大腿和小腿的角度應(yīng)當(dāng)是明顯的。

Hock joint: The hock joint is relatively well angulated. (tibio-tarsal joint should be well angulated).

跗關(guān)節(jié)：跗關(guān)節(jié)是相對(duì)角度良好的。 （脛跗骨關(guān)節(jié)應(yīng)當(dāng)角度良好）。

Metatarsus (Rear pastern): Rather short and upright. The Poodle should be born without dewclaws on the hind legs.

跖骨（后腿掌骨）：很短并且垂直。貴賓犬后腿應(yīng)當(dāng)天生沒有狼爪。

Hind feet: Rather small, firm, of short oval shape. Toes are well arched and tight fitting. The pads are hard and thick. The nails are black in black and grey subjects. They are brown in brown subjects. In whites the nails may be any colour in the range from horn colour to black. In the fawns they are brown or black.

后足：很小， 結(jié)實(shí)， 短橢圓形。 腳趾良好并緊湊。腳墊堅(jiān)硬并且厚實(shí)。 黑色和灰色的犬只的腳趾為黑色。 棕色的犬只的腳趾為棕色。 白色的犬只的腳趾可以是從角質(zhì)色到黑色。 黃褐色犬只的腳趾甲顏色為棕色或黑色。

GAIT/MOVEMENT:

The Poodle has a light and bouncy gait.

步態(tài)/動(dòng)態(tài)：

貴賓犬有輕巧的并有彈性的步態(tài)。

SKIN: Supple, not loose, pigmented. Black, brown, grey and fawn Poodles must be pigmented in accordance with the color of their coat. In white Poodles, a silver colored skin is sought after.

柔軟，不松弛，有色素沉著。 黑色，棕色，灰色和褐色貴賓犬必須是與其被毛顏色一致的色素沉著。 白色的貴賓犬只，銀色的皮膚是所要追求的。

COAT

被毛

Hair:

Curly Coat: Profuse of fine, woolly texture, very frizzy, elastic and resistant to pressure of the hand. It should be thick, well furnished, of equal length and form even curls.

Corded Coat: Profuse of fine, woolly texture and dense, forming characteristic cords which should measure at least 20 cm.

毛質(zhì)：

卷曲被毛： 充足的纖細(xì)的，毛茸茸的質(zhì)感， 很卷曲， 有彈性并對(duì)手有抵抗力。 應(yīng)當(dāng)為厚實(shí)的，裝飾良好的， 相等的長(zhǎng)度并形成平均的卷曲。

燈芯絨被毛：充足的纖細(xì)的，毛茸茸的質(zhì)感并且稠密的， 形成典型的燈芯絨測(cè)量長(zhǎng)度至少應(yīng)為20厘米。

Colour:

Solid colour: black, white, brown, grey, fawn.

Brown should be deep, rather dark, uniform and warm. Beige and its paler derivatives are not admitted. Grey must be uniform, deep, neither blackish nor whitish. Fawn must be uniform. Can go from pale fawn to red fawn or even be orange fawn (apricot). Eyelids, nose, lips, gums, palate, natural orifices, scrotum and pads are well pigmented. For light fawn subjects, all pigmentation should be as dark as possible.

毛色: 純色：黑色，白色，棕色，灰色，褐色。

棕色應(yīng)當(dāng)是深色，很暗的顏色，統(tǒng)一的并且為暖色。米黃色及其褪色的衍變色是不允許的。 灰色必須為統(tǒng)一的，深色，既不發(fā)黑也不發(fā)白。 褐色必須是統(tǒng)一的。 可以從褪色的淺褐色到紅褐色或者甚至到橙褐色（杏色）。眼瞼，鼻子，上下唇， 上下牙齦， 顎，自然孔口， 陰囊以及腳墊色素沉淀好。 對(duì)于淺褐色犬只， 所有的色素沉著必須盡量為深色。

SIZE AND WEIGHT

尺寸和重量

The sexual dimorphism must be clearly visible in all varieties.

第二性征必須在所有類型中清晰可見。

Standard Poodles: Over 45 cm up to 60 cm with a tolerance of +2cm. The Standard Poodle must be the enlarged and developed replica of the Medium Poodle of which it retains the same characteristics.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)貴賓犬： 45厘米到60厘米之間誤差為正2厘米。 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)貴賓犬是保留中型貴賓犬相同特征的復(fù)制品的放大和發(fā)展。

Medium Poodles: Over 35 cm up to 45 cm.

中型貴賓犬：35厘米至45厘米。

Miniature Poodles: Over 28 cm up to 35 cm. The Miniature Poodle must display the appearance of a reduced Medium Poodle, retaining as much as possible the same proportions and without presenting any sign of dwarfism.

迷你貴賓犬：28厘米至35厘米之間。 迷你貴賓犬必須展示出中型貴賓犬的縮小的外觀，而盡可能保持同樣的比例而不會(huì)顯示任何侏儒癥的信號(hào)。

Toy Poodles: Over 24 cm (with a tolerance of -1cm) up to 28 cm (sought after ideal: 25 cm).

The Toy Poodle maintains, in its ensemble, the aspect of a Miniature Poodle and the same general proportions complying with all the points of the standard.

Any sign of dwarfism is excluded; only the external occipital protuberance may be less pronounced.

玩具貴賓犬：24厘米（可以少于1厘米）至28厘米（理想的高度為25厘米）。

玩具貴賓犬總體上保留了迷你貴賓犬的面貌并符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的所有的要點(diǎn)，同樣的總體的比例。

任何侏儒癥的跡象都是不可以的； 只是外部枕骨突出可以稍不明顯。

FAULTS:

Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree and its effect upon the health and welfare of the dog.

缺陷：任何與上述各點(diǎn)的背離均視為缺陷，其缺陷嚴(yán)重性嚴(yán)格地與其缺陷的程度及此缺陷對(duì)犬只的健康和福利造成的影響成比例。

SEVERE FAULTS

· Eyes: too big and too round, or sunken, not dark enough.

· Ears: too short (not reaching the corner of the lips).

· Snipy or pointed muzzle.

· Convex muzzle.

· Roach or sway back.

· Tail set on too low.

· Croup falling away.

· Rear angulations too straight or over-angulated.

· Flowing or extended gait.

· Sparse, soft or wire hair.

· Undefined or not solid color.

· Partially depigmented nose.

· Absence of 2 PM2.

嚴(yán)重缺陷：

眼睛：太大或太圓，凹陷或不夠深色。

耳朵：太短（沒有達(dá)到嘴角）。

口吻長(zhǎng)或尖口吻。

凸出的口吻。

弓背或脊柱前凸。

尾根位置過低。

臀部?jī)A斜。

后部角度太直或角度過大。

流動(dòng)的或延伸的步態(tài)

稀疏的毛發(fā)，柔軟的毛發(fā)或剛毛。

未定義的顏色或非純色。

鼻子色素沉著不夠。

缺少小臼齒2。

DISQUALIFYING FAULTS:

· Aggressive or overly shy dogs.

· Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioral abnormalities will be disqualified.

· Lacks type and particularly in head, hinting notably at a mixture with another breed.

· Height exceeding 62cm in Standards and less than 23 cm in Toys.

· Absence of tail or naturally short tail.

· Dewclaws or evidence of dewclaws on rear limbs.

· Any subject displaying signs of dwarfism: globulous skull, absence of occipital

protuberance, very pronounced stop, prominent eyes, muzzle too short and turned up.

· Median furrow practically inexistent.

· Very light bone in Toys.

· Tail completely curled.

· Subjects whose coat is not of solid color.

· All white marks on the body and/or feet for all subjects other than white.

· Nose completely depigmented.

· Underbite or overbite.

· Every tooth position which could injure the dog (for instance: ill-positioned canine

that touches the palate).

· Absence of 1 incisor or 1 canine or 1 carnassial.

· Absence of one PM3 or of one PM4.

· Absence of three or more PM (except PM1).

失格缺陷：

• 有攻擊性或過于害羞的犬只。

• 任何清楚地展現(xiàn)出身體的或行為上的不正常的犬只將會(huì)被判定為失格。

• 缺少典型特征尤其是頭部， 展示出明顯的與另一個(gè)犬種的混合的特征。

• 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)貴賓犬身高超過62厘米而玩具貴賓犬少于23厘米。

• 沒有尾部或尾部天生短。

• 后肢有狼爪或有跡象。

• 任何展現(xiàn)出侏儒跡象的犬只：球形頭蓋骨，沒有枕骨突出， 很明顯的額段， 突出的眼睛， 口吻太短或向上。

• 完全沒有中間褶皺。

• 玩具貴賓犬的骨骼過輕。

• 尾部完全卷曲。

• 犬只的被毛不是純色。

• 除了白色貴賓犬對(duì)于所有的犬只，身體上的和/或足部所有斑塊為白色。

• 鼻子完全不著色。

• 下頜突出或上頜突出。

• 可能傷害該犬只的每顆牙齒的位置（例如， 錯(cuò)誤位置的犬牙觸碰到上顎）

• 缺少一顆門齒或一顆犬齒或一顆臼齒。

• 缺少一顆第三顆臼齒或一顆第四顆臼齒。

• 缺少三顆或更多臼齒（除了第一顆臼齒）。

N.B.：

? Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fullydescended into the scrotum.

? Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with breed typicalconformation, should be used for breeding.

注：

? 公犬具備兩個(gè)明顯正常且完全置于陰囊的睪丸

? 只有身體機(jī)能以及臨床表現(xiàn)健康的，具備典型犬種結(jié)構(gòu)的犬只，才可用于繁殖。

Addition to standard：

Judging a Poodle in a show does not mean it is judged in a grooming contest. It is not encouraged to stimulate overgrooming one’s dog.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)外附加：

在犬展中審查貴賓犬并不意味著是在審查美容比賽。 不鼓勵(lì)過分美容犬只。

認(rèn)可的美容修剪方式

“Lion Clip”: The Poodle, whether curly or corded, shall be clipped on the hindquarters up to the ribs.

Also clipped: the muzzle, above and underneath from the lower eyelids; the cheeks; the forelegs and hind legs, except for the cuffs or bracelets and optional motifs on the hindquarters; the tail, except for round or oblong terminal pompom. A moustache is required for all subjects. Leaving hair, called “trousers”, on the forelegs is admitted.

“獅子裝”：貴賓犬，不管是卷曲被毛或是燈芯絨被毛， 應(yīng)當(dāng)從后驅(qū)開始推剪至肋骨。

其他需要推剪的地方：口吻， 從下眼瞼上下； 面部；前肢后肢，除了為剪出后驅(qū)的褲腿之外或腳鏈圖案之外； 尾部， 除圓形或長(zhǎng)方形毛絨球。 所有犬只要求有胡須。在前腿上留下毛發(fā)，稱作“褲子”，是允許的。

“Modern Clip”: Leaving hair on all four legs is only admitted on condition that the following norms are respected:

1. Shall be clipped:

a) The lower part of the forelegs, from the nails to the tip of the dewclaw, the lower part of the hindlegs to the same height. Machine clipping, limited to the toes only, is admitted.

b) The head and the tail in compliance with rules described above.

Shall be exceptionally admitted in this clip:

· The presence, under the lower jaw, of short hair no longer than 1cm the lower line of which should be cut parallel to the lower jaw. A beard, called “goat’s beard”, is not permitted.

· The suppression of the pompom on the tail.

2. Shortened coat:

Over the body, in order to give “shot silk” effect on the line of the back, more or less long but at least 1cm. The length shall be gradually increased over the ribs and above the limbs.

3. Neatened coat:

a) On the head which keeps a topknot of reasonable height as well as down behind the neck to the withers and the front, without discontinuity, to the shaven part of the foot following a slightly slanting line from the top of the forechest downwards. On the top of the ears and for a

maximum of one third of their length, the coat may be cut with scissors or clipped in the direction of the hair. The lower part shall be left covered in hair whose length shall increase gradually, from top to bottom, to end in fringes which may be levelled.

b) On the limbs, “trousers” making a distinct transition from the shaven part of the feet. The length of the hair increases gradully towards the top to display, on the shoulder and likewise the thigh, a length of 4 to 7 cms measured by pulling the hair to straighten it, in proportion to the size of the exhibit while avoiding any “fluffy” effect. The hind “trousers” must allow for the typical angulation of the Poodle to be seen. All other fancy clips which do not comply with these norms are eliminatory. Whatever the standard outline obtained by grooming, it should have no influence whatsoever on the placements in shows, all exhibits in the same class should be judged and placed together.

“現(xiàn)代修剪”： 只有在以下規(guī)范遵守的前提下允許在所有四只腿上留下毛發(fā)。

1. 需要修剪的地方：

前肢的小腿，從趾甲到狼爪尖， 后腿的小腿的相同的高度。機(jī)器修剪限于腳趾，是允許的。

頭部和尾部與上述規(guī)則一致。

例外允許這種修剪：

展示出，下頜的下方，短毛發(fā)不超過1厘米長(zhǎng)，形成的線應(yīng)與下頜平行。 山羊胡不允許。

尾部毛絨球的壓縮。

2. 修短的被毛：

整個(gè)身體為了在背線呈現(xiàn)出“閃耀絲綢”的效果， 或稍短或稍長(zhǎng)但是至少要有1厘米。 長(zhǎng)度應(yīng)當(dāng)逐漸從肋骨增加在四肢以上。

3. 開結(jié)的被毛：

a）頭部保持一個(gè)合理高度的發(fā)冠，頸部后側(cè)到肩部和前部亦如此，保持連續(xù)，到推剪的足部形成從前胸向下開始的一個(gè)略傾斜的線條。在耳朵的頂端留下最多1/3的長(zhǎng)度， 可以沿著被毛的毛發(fā)生長(zhǎng)方向使用剪子剪或推剪推。 下部應(yīng)有毛發(fā)覆蓋，長(zhǎng)度應(yīng)當(dāng)從頂部向底部逐漸增加， 形成水平的流蘇。

b)在四肢上， “褲子”與被剃干凈毛發(fā)的足部之間有明顯的過度。 毛發(fā)的長(zhǎng)度展現(xiàn)出逐漸增加至頂部， 在肩部以及相同地大腿處， 長(zhǎng)度為4-7厘米，測(cè)量方式是將毛發(fā)拉直， 與所展示的犬只的尺寸成比例， 同時(shí)避免“毛絨絨的”效果。 后肢“褲子”必須允許可見的典型的貴賓犬的角度。 所有其他的花式修剪不符合這些規(guī)范的是不允許的。 無論何種通過美容獲得的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)輪廓， 都不應(yīng)影響犬展中的排名， 所有同一級(jí)別的參賽犬只應(yīng)當(dāng)一起接受審查并被排名。

“English Clip”: To the “Lion Clip” add motifs on the hindquarters, i.e. bracelets and cuffs. On the head: a topknot. For this clip the moustache is optional. The absence of demarcation on the hair of the hindquarters is tolerated. The topknot is optional (it is forbidden to use lacquer or any other substance to keep the topknot in place).

“英式修剪”：對(duì)于“獅子裝”在后驅(qū)上增加圖案，即“手鐲和袖口”。 頭部有發(fā)冠。對(duì)于這種修剪方式胡須是可選的。 后驅(qū)毛發(fā)的分界不明顯是可以容忍的。 發(fā)冠是可選的（禁止使用亮漆或任何其他物質(zhì)使發(fā)冠保持在固定位置）。

“Puppy Clip”: Takes over the several shaven parts which characterize the Modern clip. On the head: a topknot of a reasonable height. The coat on the forequarters should form a ball, comparable to an ‘egg’ seen from the fore chest up to the topknot. The so-called ‘trousers’ on the forequarters is preserved, accentuating the typical poodle angulation.

The tail – save for a pompon – should have an oval or oblong shape. It should be clipped longer than wide with rounded angles.

“幼犬式修剪”：借鑒現(xiàn)代式修剪的典型特征的幾個(gè)剃掉的部分。 在頭部：有一個(gè)合理高度的發(fā)冠。 前肢的被毛應(yīng)該形成一個(gè)球， 與從前胸看到發(fā)冠形成的“蛋型”對(duì)比。前肢上所謂的“褲子”是保留的， 強(qiáng)調(diào)典型的貴賓犬角度。尾部-保留一個(gè)絨球-應(yīng)該為橢圓形或長(zhǎng)方形。 應(yīng)修剪的長(zhǎng)且窄有圓滑的角度。

“Scandinavian clip or Terrier clip”:

The clip is similar to that of the Modern clip, the difference being that the ears and tail may be shaven.

“斯堪的納維亞式修剪或梗犬式修剪”：

修剪方式類似于現(xiàn)代修剪，不同之處是耳朵和尾部要剃干凈。

▲ 犬只各部位名稱（FCI標(biāo)準(zhǔn)通用）