What Do Hedgehogs Eat？

刺猬吃什么？

2019-06-23

Hedgehog:英語(yǔ)[hedh]美國(guó)[hedh]a small brown European animal with stiff parts like needles(called spines)Covering itss

1)pet hedge hogs are unique in both their appearance and their care as a small pet . being insectivores，hedge hogs need nutrients that may not

作為小寵物，寵物刺猬不僅外貌不同，而且護(hù)理方式也不同。

刺猬是食蟲(chóng)動(dòng)物，它所需要的營(yíng)養(yǎng)在好多寵物食物里可能是找不到的。以前，貓糧常被用來(lái)喂刺猬，但也有優(yōu)質(zhì)的刺猬食物能給刺猬提供營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分。知道了刺猬應(yīng)該吃什么之后，您才能給您的寵物做更好的飲食決定。

insectivore： [?n?sekt?v??(r)] any animal that eats insects 食蟲(chóng)動(dòng)物

carnivore：[?kɑ?n?v??(r)] any animal that eats meat 食肉動(dòng)物

herbivore：英 [?h??b?v??(r)] 美 [???rb?v??r] any animal that eats only plants

食草動(dòng)物；草食動(dòng)物

omnivore：英 [??mn?v??(r)] 美 [?ɑ?mn?v??r] an animal or a person that eats all types of food, especially both plants and meat 雜食動(dòng)物；雜食的人

vegetarian：英 [?ved???te?ri?n] 美 [?ved???teri?n] a person who does not eat meat or fish 素食者；吃素的人

General Pet Hedgehog Food Guidelines 寵物刺猬食物指南

2）Hedgehogs are considered either omnivores or insectivores, depending on the source referenced. If you look at the actual diet of a hedgehog you'll see that the omnivore description is probably a more accurate one since hedgehogs in the wild will eat a variety of foods, not just insects. Different species of hedgehogs will have slightly varied diets depending on the part of the world they are from, but most pet hedgehogs are African Pygmy hedgehogs so being a hybrid, their diet isn't exactly the same as a wild hedgehog.

刺猬常被認(rèn)為要么是雜食動(dòng)物要么是食蟲(chóng)動(dòng)物，這取決于引用的信息來(lái)源。 如果你看過(guò)刺猬吃的食物，你會(huì)明白：雜食動(dòng)物的描述可能更為貼切，因?yàn)橐吧题远喾N多樣的食物，而不僅僅是昆蟲(chóng)。不同物種的刺猬的食物也有稍許不同，這跟它們生活的地域有關(guān)。 但是大多數(shù)的寵物刺猬是非洲侏儒刺猬，它是一種雜種動(dòng)物，它們的飲食與野生刺猬不完全一樣。

African Pygmy hedgehog：英 [??fr?k?n ?p?ɡm(xù)i ?hed?h?ɡ] 美 [??fr?k?n ?p?ɡm(xù)i ?hed?h??ɡ] 非洲侏儒刺猬

hybrid：英 [?ha?br?d] an animal or plant that has parents of different species or varieties 雜種動(dòng)物；雜交植物；雜種

eg.: A mule is a hybrid of a male donkey and a female horse.

騾子是公驢和母馬交配而生的雜種動(dòng)物。

3）Hedgehogs have the unique ability to digest chitin from insects. Chitin is found in the hard exoskeleton of insects and is primarily a protein source but also provides some fiber. Chitin is a necessary component to a hedgehog's diet but it isn't the only thing a hedgehog needs from its food, so various items should be fed in addition to insects.

刺猬有一種獨(dú)特的能力，它能消化昆蟲(chóng)的甲殼質(zhì)。甲殼質(zhì)位于昆蟲(chóng)的堅(jiān)硬的外殼里，主要含有蛋白質(zhì)，還有一些脂肪。甲殼質(zhì)是刺猬飲食中一個(gè)必要的部分，但不是唯一的，所以刺猬除了吃蟲(chóng)子之外，還需要吃多種東西。

chitin n. a tough semitransparent horny substance甲殼質(zhì)；殼多糖；幾丁質(zhì)（一種硬的半透明的角質(zhì)）

• 甲殼質(zhì)(C8H13O5N)n，又稱(chēng)甲殼素、幾丁質(zhì)，英文名Chitin。1811年法國(guó)學(xué)者布拉克諾(Braconno)發(fā)現(xiàn)，1823年由歐吉爾(Odier)從甲殼動(dòng)物外殼中提取。
• 淡米黃色至白色，溶于濃鹽酸/磷酸/硫酸/乙酸,不溶于堿及其它有機(jī)溶劑,也不溶于水。甲殼質(zhì)的脫乙?；苌?Chitosan derivatives)殼聚糖（chitosan）不溶于水，可溶于部分稀酸。
• 甲殼素應(yīng)用范圍很廣泛，在工業(yè)上可做布料、衣物、染料、紙張和水處理等。在農(nóng)業(yè)上可做殺蟲(chóng)劑、植物抗病毒劑。漁業(yè)上做養(yǎng)魚(yú)飼料?；瘖y品美容劑、毛發(fā)保護(hù)、保濕劑等。醫(yī)療用品上可做隱形眼鏡、人工皮膚、縫合線、人工透析膜和人工血管等?！俣劝倏?/li>

9-1: Mealworms - Live or freeze-dried mealworms are a good source of chitin for hedgehogs. Live worms also provide a good source of mental stimulation since they move around and make a hedgehog have to work a little harder to catch its food.

黃粉蟲(chóng)——— 活的或是冷凍干燥保存的黃粉蟲(chóng)對(duì)刺猬來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)很好的甲殼質(zhì)的來(lái)源?；畹狞S粉蟲(chóng)還能給刺猬來(lái)一場(chǎng)腦力激蕩，因?yàn)樗鼈兊教幣埽尨题坏貌恍量嘁稽c(diǎn)才能捉到食物。

mealworm： 英 [?mi?lw??m] 美 [?mi?lw??rm] n.the larva of beetles of the family Tenebrionidae 大黃粉蟲(chóng)幼體(用作寵物鳥(niǎo)食)

Freeze-dried food has been preserved by a process of rapid freezing and drying. (食物)冷凍干燥保存的

9-2: Waxworms - Live waxworms are higher in fat but lower in chitin content than mealworms so these should be saved as treats for hedgehogs.

蠟蟲(chóng)（白蠟蟲(chóng)）

蠟蟲(chóng)———活蠟蟲(chóng)的脂肪含量較高，甲殼質(zhì)含量不如黃粉蟲(chóng)，所以白蠟蟲(chóng)只能存起來(lái)給刺猬當(dāng)點(diǎn)心。

9-3: Crickets - Also available live or freeze-dried, crickets provide chitin as well as mental stimulation for a hedgehog. As with other insects, gut-loading should be done prior to feeding crickets to your hedgehog to ensure they are loaded with nutrition.

蟋蟀———活的或冷凍干燥保存的都行，蟋蟀能給刺猬提供甲殼質(zhì)和腦力激蕩。跟其他蟲(chóng)子一樣，在給刺猬吃蟋蟀前，要給蟋蟀吃飽喝足，確保養(yǎng)分十足。

9-4: Fruits - Dried fruit should be avoided, but a small amount of fresh fruit can be offered to your hedgehog as treats. Apples, bananas, berries, and melons are popular choices among hedgehogs.

水果———盡量不要用果干，可以給刺猬少量的新鮮水果當(dāng)點(diǎn)心：蘋(píng)果、香蕉、莓、瓜都可以。

9-5: Vegetables - Fresh tomatoes, fresh green beans, and cooked squash are some options that your hedgehog may enjoy. Starchy vegetables, such as corn, potatoes, and carrots should be avoided as well as dried vegetables.

蔬菜———新鮮的西紅柿、新鮮的綠豆、煮過(guò)的南瓜、西葫蘆等都是刺猬愛(ài)吃的。玉米、土豆、胡蘿卜等淀粉類(lèi)蔬菜和干菜盡量不要給刺猬吃。

squash：[skw??] a type of vegetable that grows on the ground. Winter squash have hard skin and orange flesh. Summer squash have soft yellow or green skin and white flesh.南瓜小果（主要種類(lèi)為筍瓜winter squash和西葫蘆summer squash） ——地面上生長(zhǎng)的蔬菜，冬天的squash有堅(jiān)硬的外皮和桔黃色的果肉；夏天的squash有軟的黃色或綠色外皮、白色果肉。

starchy vegetables：英 [?stɑ?t?i ?v?d?t?b(?)lz] 美 [?stɑ?rt?i ?v?d?t?b?lz] 淀粉質(zhì)蔬菜

9-6：Cooked meat - High protein, low fat canned dog or cat food as well as cooked chicken can be offered in small amounts to a pet hedgehog.

熟肉———可以給寵物刺猬一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)高蛋白質(zhì)、低脂的罐頭狗糧或貓糧、以及煮熟的雞肉。

9-7: Cooked eggs - An occasional bit of scrambled or hard boiled egg is a nice treat that's packed with protein for a hedgehog.

熟雞蛋———偶爾給刺猬一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)炒雞蛋或煮雞蛋也是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的點(diǎn)心，可以給刺猬補(bǔ)充點(diǎn)蛋白質(zhì)。

scrambled：If you scramble eggs, you break them, mix them together and then heat and stir the mixture in a pan.炒(蛋)

9-8: Pinky mice - If you aren't grossed out by your hedgehog eating a baby mouse, you can offer the occasional pre-killed pinky mouse as a treat.

小老鼠———如果你不反感你家刺猬吃小老鼠的話，你可以是不是的給它一個(gè)提前殺死的小老鼠當(dāng)點(diǎn)心。

9-9: Hedgehog or cat kibble - This should be the bulk of your hedgehog's diet. A high quality cat or hedgehog kibble should contain at least 30 percent protein and less than 20 percent fat. Hedgehog food is the ideal diet if it meets these nutritional requirements, but few formulated diets are available that don't include things like raisins and seeds, which are not recommended to feed.

刺猬寵物糧或貓糧———這是刺猬飲食的主要部分。一個(gè)優(yōu)質(zhì)貓糧或刺猬寵物糧應(yīng)該含有至少30%的蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪含量低于20%。如果符合這些營(yíng)養(yǎng)要求，這種食物就是理想的刺猬食物；但市面上很少有寵物糧食是不含葡萄干和籽類(lèi)的東西的，而這些是不建議給刺猬吃的。

kibble：coarsely ground grain in the form of pellets (as for pet food)

磨碎的谷物；磨碎的食物（尤指狗食）

bulk: the ~ (of sth) the main part of sth; most of sth 主體；大部分

raisin: [?re?zn] a dried grape , used in cakes, etc. 葡萄干

How Much and When to Feed Your Hedgehog

應(yīng)該給你的刺猬喂多少吃的？什么時(shí)候喂？

4）Hedgehogs are prone to obesity, so it is of utmost importance to monitor how much you are feeding it. The hedgehog or cat kibble should make up the majority of the daily diet, and even though a hedgehog is very active at night and burns a lot of energy, you'll want to control how much kibble it gets.

刺猬多胖子，所以時(shí)刻關(guān)注你給它喂了多少是極為重要的。每天大部分的食物應(yīng)該是刺猬或貓糧；即使刺猬夜間最為活躍、燃燒大量的能量，你還是要控制它能獲取的糧食份量。

kibble：coarsely ground grain in the form of pellets (as for pet food)

磨碎的谷物；磨碎的食物（尤指狗食）

5）Each day, one to two tablespoons of kibble should be offered to an adult hedgehog in addition to a teaspoon of fruits and vegetables and some insects. Larger and very active hedgehogs may need more food, but your hedgehog's weight should be monitored with the use of a baby scale. If there is more than a 10 percent weight gain you should cut back on how much food is offered.

每天在一大勺水果蔬菜和一些蟲(chóng)子之外，應(yīng)該給成年的刺猬一到兩大湯匙磨碎的寵物粗糧。體型較大和非常有活力的刺猬可能需要更多食物，但是應(yīng)該用一個(gè)嬰兒稱(chēng)來(lái)監(jiān)督刺猬的體重。如果體重增加10%以上，應(yīng)該減少它的投食量。

tablespoon ：[?te?blspu?n] a large spoon, used especially for serving food

餐匙，湯匙（大勺子，尤用于分食物）

6）A hedgehog may eat more at night when it is most active and running on its wheel, so don't worry if you don't see it eating much during the day. Any uneaten food should be disposed of the next day to avoid spoilage and fresh water should always be available.

寵物刺猬可能在夜間進(jìn)食較多，夜間它最為活躍、在輪子上跑動(dòng)，所以如果你看到它白天沒(méi)怎么吃東西，不要擔(dān)心。任何沒(méi)有吃掉的食物在第二天應(yīng)該被清理掉以防變質(zhì)，常給它備好干凈的水。

spoilage： [?sp??l?d?] the decay of food which means that it can no longer be used（食物的）變質(zhì)，腐敗

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