Passage 2

　　Susan Sontag was one of the most noticeable figures in the world of literature. For more than 40 years she made it morally necessary to know everything—to read every book worth reading, to see every movie worth seeing. When she was still in her early 30s, publishing essays in such important magazines as Partisan Review, she appeared as the symbol of American cultural life, trying hard to follow every new development in literature, film and art. With great effort and serious judgment, Sontag walked at the latest edges of world culture.

　　Seriousness was one of Sontag’s lifelong watchwords , but at a time when the barriers between the well-educated and the poor-educated were obvious, she argued for a true openness to the pleasures of pop culture. In “Notes on Camp”, the 1964 essay that first made her name, she explained what was then a little-known set of difficult understandings, through which she could not have been more famous. “Notes on Camp”, she wrote, “represents victory of ‘form’ over ‘content’, ‘beauty’ over ‘morals’.”

　　By conviction she was a sensualist , but by nature she was a moralist , and in the works she published in the 1970s and 1980s, it was the latter side of her that came forward. In Illness as Metaphor—published in 1978, after she suffered cancer—she argued against the idea that cancer was somehow a special problem of repressed personalities , a concept that effectively blamed the victim for the disease. In fact, re-examining old positions was her lifelong habit.

　　In America, her story of a 19th century Polish actress who set up a perfect society in California, won the National Book Award in 2000. But it was as a tireless, all-purpose cultural view that she made her lasting fame. “Sometimes,” she once said, “I feel that, in the end, all I am really defending...is the idea of seriousness, of tree seriousness.” And in the end, she made us take it seriously too.

　　1. The underlined sentence in paragraph 1 means Sontag ______.

　　A. was a symbol of American cultural life B. developed world literature, film and art

　　C. published many essays about world culture D. kept pace with the newest development of world culture

　　2. She first won her name through ______.

　　A. her story of a Polish actress

　　B. her book Illness as Metaphor

　　C. publishing essays in magazines like Partisan Review

　　D. her explanation of a set of difficult understandings

　　3. According to the passage, Susan Sontag ______.

　　A. was a sensualist as well as a moralist B. looked down upon the pop culture

　　C. thought content was more important than form D. blamed the victim of cancer for being repressed

　　4. As for Susan Sontag’s lifelong habit, she ______.

　　A. misunderstood the idea of seriousness B. re-examined old positions

　　C. argued for an openness to pop culture D. preferred morals to beauty

　　5. Susan Sontag’s lasting fame was made upon ______.

　　A. a tireless, all-purpose cultural view B. her lifelong watchword: seriousness

　　C. publishing books on morals D. enjoying books worth reading and movies worth seeing

　　【重點(diǎn)詞匯】

　　noticeable adj. 引人注目的figure n. 人物， 尤其是著名人物

　　morally adv. 精神上symbol n. 象征

　　seriousness n. 嚴(yán)肅， 認(rèn)真lifelong adj. 終身的

　　barrier n. 障礙argue for 贊成

　　pop culture 通俗文化represent v. 描繪， 表現(xiàn)

　　somehow adv. 不知何故victim n. 受害者， 犧牲品

　　【疑難長句】

　　When she was still in her early 30s, publishing essays in such important magazines as Partisan Review, she appeared as the symbol of American cultural life, trying hard to follow every new development in literature, film and art.

　　這個句子結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜。publishing和trying后面的句子作該句的狀語， 所以該句的主要成分是she appeared as... life。

　　在30多歲的時候， 她在諸如Partisan Review等重要的雜志上發(fā)表文章。她被看做美國文化生命的象征， 努力追隨著文化、 電影、 藝術(shù)方面的每一點(diǎn)新發(fā)展。

　　【答案解析】

　　1. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題目問的是畫線句子的意思。選項A， Sontag是美國文化的一個代表; 選項B， 促進(jìn)了世界文學(xué)、 電影和藝術(shù)發(fā)展; 選項C， 發(fā)表過許多關(guān)于世界文化的文章; 選項D， 與世界文化發(fā)展同步。畫線句子的意思是她走在世界文化的最前沿， 很明顯正確答案為D。

　　2. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題目問的是她最早是通過什么出名的。根據(jù)原文 “the 1964 essay that first made her name, she explained what was then a little-known set of difficult understandings”， 她的名字第一次為人所知是在解釋a set of difficult understandings的時候， 因此正確答案為D。

　　3. A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。選項A， 她既是感覺主義者又是倫理學(xué)者。根據(jù)文章第3段第一句話， 從信念上講她是感覺論者， 從本性上講她是倫理學(xué)者， 表述正確; 選項B， 她看不起通俗文化。根據(jù)原文第2段， 她的態(tài)度是argued for ， 表述錯誤; 選項C， 內(nèi)容應(yīng)該比形式重要。根據(jù)“‘form’ over ‘content’”可知， 明顯是形式比內(nèi)容重要， 表述錯誤; 選項D， 認(rèn)為抑郁是癌癥患者得病的原因。從文章最后一段可以看出， 她對于該觀點(diǎn)是持反對意見的。因此正確答案為A。

　　4. B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題目問的是就Susan Sontag的畢生習(xí)慣來講， 她會做什么。選項A， 誤解“嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)”的觀點(diǎn); 選項B， 對舊觀點(diǎn)的重新審視; 選項C， 贊成通俗文化的公開; 選項D， 喜歡道德勝過美貌。根據(jù)原文 “In fact, re-examining old positions was her lifelong habit.” 很明顯正確答案為B。

　　5. A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題目問的是Susan Sontag恒久的名望是建立在什么基礎(chǔ)之上的。選項A， 持久、 通用的文化觀點(diǎn); 選項B， 她的人生格言： 嚴(yán)謹(jǐn); 選項C， 出版道德書籍; 選項D， 喜歡值得看的書和電影。根據(jù)原文 “But it was as a tireless, all-purpose cultural view that she made her lasting fame.” 很明顯正確答案為A。

　　
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