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2014考研英語(yǔ)閱讀精析二

　　Unit1 人在職場(chǎng)

　　Text 2正文

　　Tourists were surprised to see a woman driving a huge orange tractor down one of Rome’s main avenues. Italy’s political leaders and some of its male union ? ? chiefs are said to have been even more puzzled to see that the tractor was followed by about 200,000 women in a parading procession that took more than three hours to snake through central Rome.

　　Shouting slogans, waving flags and dancing to drumbeats, the women had come to the capital from all over Italy to demonstrate for “a job for each of us, a different type of job, and a society without violence.” So far, action to improve women’s opportunities in employment has been the province of collective industrial bargaining. “But there is a growing awareness that this is not enough,” says a researcher on female labor at the government-funded Institute for the Development of Professional Training for Workers.

　　Women, who constitute 52 per cent of Italy’s population, today represent only 35 per cent of Italy’s total workforce and 33 per cent of the total number of Italians with jobs. However, their presence in the workplace is growing. The employment of women is expanding considerably in services, next to the public administration and commerce as their principal workplace. Official statistics also show that women have also made significant strides in self-employment. More and more women are going into business for themselves. Many young women are turning to business because of the growing overall in employment. It is also a fact that today many prejudices have disappeared, so that banks and other financial institutes make judgments on purely business considerations without caring if it is a man or a woman.

　　Such changes are occurring in the professions too. The number of women doctors, dentists, lawyers, engineers and university professors increased two to three fold. Some of the changes are immediately visible. For example, women have appeared on the scene for the first time as state police, railway workers and street cleaner.

　　However, the present situation is far from satisfactory though some progress has been made. A breakthrough in equal opportunities for women is now demanded.

　　Text 2 習(xí)題

　　1. The expression “snake through central Rome” probably means “to move ________

　　[A] quietly through central Rome.”

　　[B] violently through central Rome.”

　　[C] in a long winding line through central Rome.”

　　[D] at a leisurely pace through central Rome.”

　　2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　[A] There are more women than men in Italy.

　　[B] In Italy, women are chiefly employed in services.

　　[C] In Italy, women are still at a disadvantage in employment.

　　[D] In Italy, about two-thirds of the jobs are held by men.

　　3. About 200,000 women in Rome demonstrated for ________.

　　[A] more job opportunities

　　[B] a greater variety of jobs

　　[C] “equal job, equal pay”

　　[D] both A and B

　　4. The best title for this passage would be ________.

　　[A] The Role of Women is Society

　　[B] Women Demonstrate for Equality in Employment

　　[C] Women as Self-employed Professionals

　　[D] Women and the Jobs Market

　　Text 2 全文翻譯

　　當(dāng)看到一個(gè)女人駕著一輛橙色的巨型拖拉機(jī)沿著羅馬的一條主街行駛時(shí)，游客們都感到很詫異。據(jù)說(shuō)，當(dāng)看到這個(gè)由200,000名婦女組成的游行隊(duì)伍跟在這拖拉機(jī)后面竟用了三個(gè)多小時(shí)才蛇行穿過(guò)羅馬市中心時(shí)，意大利的政治領(lǐng)袖們和該國(guó)一些男性聯(lián)盟主席感到更困惑。

　　這些喊著口號(hào)，揮動(dòng)著旗子還踏著鼓點(diǎn)前行的女性是從意大利各地聚集到首都的，她們游行示威以爭(zhēng)取“人人有工作，工作多樣化，以及社會(huì)無(wú)暴力?！钡侥壳盀橹梗岣邒D女的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)已成為企業(yè)勞資談判的話題。一位在政府資助的“勞工專業(yè)培訓(xùn)發(fā)展機(jī)構(gòu)”中女性勞工部門(mén)工作的研究人員表示“光是認(rèn)識(shí)上的不斷提高還是不夠的?！?/p>

　　如今，女性人口占了意大利人口總數(shù)的52%，卻只占全國(guó)工人總數(shù)的35%，占意大利就業(yè)總?cè)藬?shù)的33%。但是，女性員工的人數(shù)卻不斷上升。服務(wù)行業(yè)的女性員工的人數(shù)正大幅攀升，僅低于公共管理和商業(yè)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)女性員工的數(shù)目。官方數(shù)據(jù)也表明了自主經(jīng)營(yíng)的女性人數(shù)也有了大幅的上升。越來(lái)越多的女性正在開(kāi)創(chuàng)自己的事業(yè)。許多年輕的女性開(kāi)始進(jìn)入工商企業(yè)，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)領(lǐng)域雇傭人數(shù)越來(lái)越多。事實(shí)上，現(xiàn)今許多針對(duì)女性的歧視也消失了，銀行和其他的金融機(jī)構(gòu)的判斷完全是基于商業(yè)目的而不關(guān)心其員工的性別。

　　這種變化也正發(fā)生在專業(yè)領(lǐng)域里。女醫(yī)生、女牙醫(yī)、女律師、女工程師和女教授的數(shù)量增加了兩到三倍。一些變化是立竿見(jiàn)影的。例如，女性第一次出現(xiàn)在了國(guó)家警察、鐵路工人和街道清潔人員的行列之中。

　　然而，女性的就業(yè)狀況雖有所改善但還遠(yuǎn)不盡人意。如今仍需要在女性就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)平等方面取得突破性的進(jìn)展。

　　Text 2 重點(diǎn)句

　　Official statistics also show that women have also made significant strides in self-employment. More and more women are going into business for themselves. Many young women are turning to business because of the growing overall in employment. It is also a fact that today many prejudices have disappeared, so that banks and other financial institutes make judgments on purely business considerations without caring if it is a man or a woman.

　　該句意義：

　　該句引用數(shù)據(jù)說(shuō)明了在某些方面發(fā)生的變化的內(nèi)容。并且就該數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)一步的展開(kāi)了對(duì)于這一事實(shí)的闡述。

　　該句的內(nèi)容是有關(guān)于就業(yè)的方向和變化的趨勢(shì)，對(duì)于這個(gè)句子的掌握，也有助于我們?cè)趯?xiě)作中，更加簡(jiǎn)單的應(yīng)對(duì)趨勢(shì)性的內(nèi)容的表達(dá)。

　　該句語(yǔ)法：

　　賓語(yǔ)從句：that women have also made significant strides in self-employment.

　　狀語(yǔ)前置未使用逗號(hào)分隔：More and more women are going into business for themselves.

　　謂語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： women are going into business for themselves

　　原因狀語(yǔ)置于句尾：because of the growing overall in employment

　　形式主語(yǔ)“It”代替使用“that”的從句： It is also a fact that today many prejudices have disappeared，該句可去掉“it”還原為：that today many prejudices have disappeared is also a fact

　　目的狀語(yǔ)：so that banks and other financial institutes make judgments on purely business considerations without caring if it is a man or a woman.

　　伴隨狀語(yǔ)：without caring if it is a man or a woman.

　　“if”引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句：if it is a man or a woman. If翻譯為是否。

　　Text 2 習(xí)題答案

　　答案:CBDB

　　1. The expression “snake through central Rome” probably means “to move ________.

　　1. “snake through central Rome”表達(dá)的含義可能是________。

　　[A] quietly through central Rome.”

　　[A] 安靜地穿過(guò)羅馬市中心

　　[B] violently through central Rome.”

　　[B] 狂怒地穿過(guò)羅馬市中心

　　[C] in a long winding line through central Rome.”

　　[C] 以漫長(zhǎng)而曲折的路線穿過(guò)羅馬市中心

　　[D] at a leisurely pace through central Rome.”

　　[D] 閑庭信步般穿過(guò)羅馬市中心

　　2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　2.下列哪一項(xiàng)說(shuō)法是不正確的?

　　[A] There are more women than men in Italy.

　　[A] 在意大利女性人數(shù)要多于男性。

　　[B] In Italy, women are chiefly employed in services.

　　[B] 在意大利，女性主要從事服務(wù)行業(yè)。

　　[C] In Italy, women are still at a disadvantage in employment.

　　[C] 在意大利，女性在就業(yè)方面仍處于劣勢(shì)。

　　[D] In Italy, about two-thirds of the jobs are held by men.

　　[D] 在意大利，大約三分之二的工作被男性把持著。

　　3.About 200,000 women in Rome demonstrated for ________.

　　3. 約200，000名在羅馬示威爭(zhēng)取________。

　　[A] more job opportunities

　　[A] 更多的工作機(jī)會(huì)

　　[B] a greater variety of jobs

　　[B] 更多類型的工作

　　[C] “equal job, equal pay”

　　[C]“同工同酬”

　　[D] both A and B

　　[D] [A]和[B]選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容

　　4.The best title for this passage would be ________.

　　4.本文最好的標(biāo)題是______。

　　[A] The Role of Women in Society

　　[A] 女性在社會(huì)中的作用

　　[B] Women Demonstrate for Equality in Employment

　　[B] 女性爭(zhēng)取就業(yè)平等

　　[C] Women as Self-employed Professionals

　　[C] 作為自由職業(yè)者的女性們

　　[D] Women and the Jobs Market

　　[D] 女性與工作市場(chǎng)

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