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1.使用Centos映像構(gòu)建本地百勝源

由于安裝centos后的默認(rèn)百勝源是centos的官方地址，在國(guó)內(nèi)使用比較慢甚至無(wú)法訪問(wèn)，所以一般做法是用阿里云的百勝源或者國(guó)內(nèi)百勝源比如163來(lái)代替默認(rèn)的百勝源(具體如何配置如下)。但是以上的方法都需要一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，沒(méi)有網(wǎng)絡(luò)的情況下無(wú)法使用，所以另一種常見的方法是用Centos的ISO映像構(gòu)建一個(gè)本地的Yum源，這樣軟件的安裝速度會(huì)比較快，但是缺點(diǎn)是有些包可能沒(méi)有。

1.安裝Centos后的默認(rèn)Yum源如下

[root @ kang vcar ~]# ll/etc/yum . repa . d/

總計(jì)32

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1664 dec 92015 centos-base . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1309 dec 92015 centos-CR . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 649 dec 92015 centos-debuginfo . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 290 dec 92015 centos-fast track . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 630 dec 92015 centos-Media . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1331 dec 92015 centos-sources . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1952 dec 92015 centos-vault . repo

2.備份默認(rèn)的百勝源(可選)

[root @ kang vcar ~]# mkdir/opt/centos-yum . bak

[root @ kang vcar ~]# mv/etc/yum . rep . d/*/opt/centos-yum . bak/

3.在虛擬機(jī)上裝載中央操作系統(tǒng)映像文件

[root @ kang vcar ~]# mount-t iso 9660/dev/sr0/opt/centos

moun t:/dev/sr0是寫保護(hù)的，只讀安裝

4.寫入一個(gè)回購(gòu)文件，并指向鏡像的裝載目錄

[root @ kang vcar ~]# VI/etc/yum . repo . d/local . repo

[本地]

name=local

baseurl=file:///opt/centos

enabled= 1

gpgcheck= 0

5.清除緩存

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum clean all

加載的插件:快速鏡像

清潔報(bào)告:本地

打掃衛(wèi)生

清潔速度最快的鏡子的上表面

[root @ kang vcar ~]# Yum make cache//在本地緩存Yum源，加快軟件的搜索和安裝

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum list//列出3780個(gè)包

第二，將默認(rèn)的CentOS Yum源修改為國(guó)內(nèi)的aliyun Yum源

阿里巴巴云官方教程:http://mirrors.aliyun.com/help/centos

1.安裝Centos后的默認(rèn)Yum源如下

[root @ kang vcar ~]# ll/etc/yum . repa . d/

總計(jì)32

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1664 dec 92015 centos-base . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1309 dec 92015 centos-CR . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 649 dec 92015 centos-debuginfo . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 290 dec 92015 centos-fast track . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 630 dec 92015 centos-Media . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1331 dec 92015 centos-sources . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1952 dec 92015 centos-vault . repo

2.備份默認(rèn)的百勝源(可選)

[root @ kang vcar ~]# mkdir/opt/centos-yum . bak

[root @ kang vcar ~]# mv/etc/yum . rep . d/*/opt/centos-yum . bak/

3.下載阿里云Yum源碼回購(gòu)文件(根據(jù)自己的系統(tǒng)版本下載)

#各系統(tǒng)版本回購(gòu)文件對(duì)應(yīng)的下載操作

CentOS 5

wget-O/etc/yum . repo . d/CentOS-base . repo http://mirrors . aliyun . com/repo/Centos-5 . repo

CentOS 6

wget-O/etc/yum . repo . d/CentOS-base . repo http://mirrors . aliyun . com/repo/Centos-6 . repo

CentOS 7

wget-O/etc/yum . repo . d/CentOS-base . repo http://mirrors . aliyun . com/repo/Centos-7 . repo

[root @ kang vcar ~]# cat/etc/red hat-release//檢查系統(tǒng)版本

CentOSLinuxrelease7.2.1511(核心)

[根@ kang vcar ~]# wget-O/etc/yum . repo . d/CentOS-base . repo http://mirrors . aliyun . com/repo/Centos-7 . repo

-2017-06-2006:43:08-http://mirrors . aliyun . com/repo/Centos-7 . repo

resolving mirrors . aliyun . com(mirrors . aliyun . com)...112.124.140.210 , 115.28.122.210

connecting mirrors . aliyun . com(mirrors . aliyun . com)| 112 . 124 . 140 . 210 |:80...連接。

HTTPrequestsent，awaitingresponse...200OK

長(zhǎng)度:2573(2.5K)[應(yīng)用/八位字節(jié)流]

saving to:'/etc/yum . repo . d/CentOS-base . repo '

100%[= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =]2, 573 - .-K/ sin0s

2017-06-2006:43:08(118 MB/s)-'/etc/yum . repo . d/CentOS-base . repo ' saved[2573/2573]

4.清除緩存

[根@kangvcar ~]# yum clean all

加載的插件:快速鏡像

清理回購(gòu):基礎(chǔ)額外更新

打掃衛(wèi)生

清潔速度最快的鏡子的上表面

[root @ kangvcar ~]# Yum make cache//在本地緩存Yum源碼，加快軟件的搜索和安裝

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum list//共列出9954個(gè)套餐

第三，將默認(rèn)CentOS Yum源修改為國(guó)內(nèi)163源

163官方教程:http://mirrors.163.com/.help/centos.html

1.安裝Centos后的默認(rèn)Yum源如下

[魯特@ kang vcar ~]# ll/etc/yum . repo . d/

總計(jì)32

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1664 dec 92015 centos-base . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1309 dec 92015 centos-CR . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 649 dec 92015 centos-debuginfo . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 290 dec 92015 centos-fast track . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 630 dec 92015 centos-Media . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1331 dec 92015 centos-sources . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1952 dec 92015 centos-vault . repo

2.備份默認(rèn)的百勝源(可選)

[root @ kang vcar ~]# mkdir/opt/centos-yum . bak

[root @ kang vcar ~]# mv/etc/yum . rep . d/*/opt/centos-yum . bak/

3.下載163 Yum源碼回購(gòu)文件

#各系統(tǒng)版本回購(gòu)文件對(duì)應(yīng)的下載操作

CentOS 5

http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS5-Base回購(gòu)163

CentOS 6

http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base回購(gòu)163

CentOS 7

http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base回購(gòu)163

[root @ kang vcar ~]# cat/etc/red hat-release//檢查系統(tǒng)版本

CentOSLinuxrelease7.2.1511(核心)

[root @ kang vcar ~]# wget-O/etc/yum . repo . d/Centos7-Base-163 . repo http://mirrors . 163 . com/。幫助/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

-2017-06-2006:29:47-http://mirrors . 163 . com/。幫助/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

Resolvingmirrors.163.com(鏡像。163.com)...123.58.173.185 , 123.58.173.186

connecting mirrors . 163 . com(鏡像。163.com)| 123.58.173.185| :80...連接。

HTTPrequestsent，awaitingresponse...200OK

長(zhǎng)度:1572(1.5K)[應(yīng)用/八位字節(jié)流]

saving to:'/etc/yum . repo . d/CentOS7-Base-163 . repo '

100%[= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =]1, 572 - .-K/ sin0s

2017-06-2006:29:47(293 MB/s)-'/etc/yum . repo . d/Centos7-Base-163 . repo '已保存[1572/1572]

4.清除緩存

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum clean all

加載的插件:快速鏡像

清理回購(gòu):基礎(chǔ)額外更新

打掃衛(wèi)生

清潔速度最快的鏡子的上表面

[root @ kang vcar ~]# Yum make cache//在本地緩存Yum源，加快軟件的搜索和安裝

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum list//共列出9951個(gè)包

第四，修改百勝源的優(yōu)先級(jí)

當(dāng)既有本地Yum源又有163源的時(shí)候，我們?cè)诎惭b軟件包的時(shí)候當(dāng)然是想用本地Yum源來(lái)安裝軟件，然后在本地沒(méi)有包的時(shí)候用163源來(lái)安裝軟件，這就涉及到優(yōu)先級(jí)的問(wèn)題了。Yum提供的插件Yum-plugin-priorities.noarch可以解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

1.檢查系統(tǒng)是否安裝了優(yōu)先插件

[root @ kang vcar ~]# rpm-QA | grepyum-plugin-

yum-plugin-fastestmirror- 1.1。31- 34.el7.noarch

//我在這里看到插件yum-plugin-priorities.noarch沒(méi)有安裝

[root @ kang vcar ~]# yum search yum-plugin-priorities

//使用搜索查看該插件是否可用

加載的插件:快速鏡像

從緩存的主機(jī)文件加載鏡像速度

*基地:mirrors.aliyun. com

* extra s:mirrors.aliyun. com

*更新:mirrors.aliyun. com

= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = N/S匹配:yum-plugin-priorities = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

yum-plugin-priorities . no arch:plugin to give priorities to package from不同的轉(zhuǎn)帖

2.安裝yum-plugin-priorities.noarch插件

[root @ kang vcar ~]# yum-y install yum-plugin-priorities . no arch

3.檢查插件是否已啟用

[root @ kang vcar ~]# cat/etc/yum/plugin cf . d/priorities . conf

[主要]

enabled = 1

//1已啟用；0已禁用

4.修改本地Yum源，先使用

[root @ kang vcar ~]# ll/etc/yum . repa . d/

總計(jì)8

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 2573 may 152015 centos-base . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 67 jun 2006:04 local . repo

//有兩個(gè)回購(gòu)文件

[root @ kang vcar ~]# VI/etc/yum . repo . d/local . repo

[本地]

name=local

baseurl=file: ///opt/centos

enabled= 1

gpgcheck= 0

優(yōu)先級(jí)= 1

//在原優(yōu)先級(jí)上增加priority = 1；數(shù)字越小，優(yōu)先級(jí)越高

//可以繼續(xù)修改其他來(lái)源的優(yōu)先級(jí)值。測(cè)試后，只將本地源的優(yōu)先級(jí)配置為priority=1，優(yōu)先使用本地源。

5.測(cè)試

配置優(yōu)先級(jí)前:(使用阿里巴巴云百勝源)

[根@kangvcar ~]# yum - yinstall vim

依賴性已解決

=================================================================================================================================================

軟件包版本庫(kù)大小

=================================================================================================================================================

安裝g:

vim-增強(qiáng)型x86_64 2: 7.4。160- 1.el7_3。1更新1.0M

正在更新依賴項(xiàng):

vim-普通x86_64 2: 7.4。160- 1.el7_3。1更新5.9M

省略...

配置優(yōu)先級(jí)后:(使用本地Yum源)

[根@kangvcar ~]# yum - yinstall vim

依賴性已解決

=================================================================================================================================================

軟件包版本庫(kù)大小

=================================================================================================================================================

安裝g:

vim-增強(qiáng)型x86_64 2: 7.4。160-1.17本地1.0M

正在為依賴項(xiàng)安裝:

gpm-libs x86_64 1.20。7- 5.el7本地32k

perlx86_64 4: 5.16。3-286.17本地8.0M

perl-Carp no arch 1.26-244.17 local 19k

perl-Encode x86 _ 64 2.51-7.57本地1.5M

perl-Exporter no arch 5.68-3.el7 local 28k

本地26k

文件溫度0.23。01- 3.el7本地56k

省略...

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